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Many clinically used agents active in cancer chemotherapy exert their activity through the induction of cell death (apoptosis) by targeting microtubules, altering protein function or inhibiting DNA synthesis. The benzo[b]thiophene scaffold holds a pivotal place as a pharmacophore for the development of anticancer agents, and, in addition, this scaffold has many pharmacological activities. We have developed a flexible method for the construction of a new series of 2-aryl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-6-methoxybenzo[b]thiophenes as potent antiproliferative agents, giving access to a wide range of substitution patterns at the 2-position of the 6-methoxybenzo[b]thiophene common intermediate. In the present study, all the synthesized compounds retained the 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyanilino)-6-methoxybenzo[b]thiophene moiety, and the structure–activity relationship was examined by modification of the aryl group at its 2-position with electron-withdrawing (F) or electron-releasing (alkyl and alkoxy) groups. We found that small substituents, such as fluorine or methyl, could be placed in the para-position of the 2-phenyl ring, and these modifications only slightly reduced antiproliferative activity relative to the unsubstituted 2-phenyl analogue. Compounds 3a and 3b, bearing the phenyl and para-fluorophenyl at the 2-position of the 6-methoxybenzo[b]thiophene nucleus, respectively, exhibited the greatest antiproliferative activity among the tested compounds. The treatment of both Caco2 (not metastatic) and HCT-116 (metastatic) colon carcinoma cells with 3a or 3b triggered a significant induction of apoptosis as demonstrated by the increased expression of cleaved-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), receptor-interacting protein (RIP) and caspase-3 proteins. The same effect was not observed with non-transformed colon 841 CoN cells. A potential additional effect during mitosis for 3a in metastatic cells and for 3b in non-metastatic cells was also observed.

The development of the synthetic process to the selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) drug candidate LSZ102 from the medicinal chemistry synthesis to the streamlined large-scale manufacturing route is described. The synthesis of LSZ102 could be sign

The invention discloses a PD-1/PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the invention discloses a compound with the structure shown in the formulaL, a stereoisomer or a tautomer thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates or solvates thereof, and please see the specification for specific definitions. The compound has excellent effects for restraining PD-1/PD-L1. Please see the specification for the formula.

Described herein are compounds that are estrogen receptor modulators of formula I' Also described are pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments that include the compounds described herein, as well as methods of using such estrogen receptor modulators, alone and in combination with other compounds, for treating diseases or conditions that are mediated or dependent upon estrogen receptors.

The present invention relates to a new compound having an FGFR inhibitory activity and preparation and application thereof. In particular, the compound according to the present invention has a structure as shown in formula I, wherein each group and substituent are as defined in the description. Also disclosed in the present invention are a preparation method for the compound and a use thereof in preparation of a drug for treating and/or preventing a tumor-related disease and/or an FGFR-related disease.

The kinetics of the reaction of 4-methoxythiophenoxyacetaldehyde diethyl acetal, 4-nitrothiophenoxyacetaldehyde diethyl acetal, and 3-methoxythiophenoxyacetaldehyde diethyl acetal in polyphosphoric acid has been explained. The kinetic behavior has been ex

Three novel diarylethenes derived from benzothiophene were synthesized and their photochemical optical properties studied in four solvents (n-hexane, toluene, acetonitrile and methanol). It was determined that these compounds dramatically increase the light absorption in the visible region upon exposure to UV light, showing two absorption maxima at 420nm and 520nm, respectively. The observed change is completely reverted upon exposure to visible light. The three compounds demonstrate negligible fatigue, excellent stability in the four solvents, and absence of photodegradation and thermal back reactions. This paper also describes a complete study of solvent effects on the kinetics of the ring opening and cycloreversion. While, the UV spectra are little sensitive both to the substitution pattern and to the solvent influence, the kinetics of ring opening/cycloreversion reactions exhibit a more interesting behavior that differs from other diarylethenes reported in the literature. The cyclization kinetics shows a complex order, well fitted by an exponential equation, while the cycloreversion presents first-order kinetics. The whole complex reaction scheme can be explained by the unusual presence of two conformers of the open form, a parallel and an antiparallel conformation. Though other alternative mechanism could explain the kinetics, additional evidence is consistent with the conformational equilibrium proposed: i.e. the solvent influence on the kinetics of the nitrosubstituted substrate, and the double signals for the methyl protons and for the methoxy protons (when present) observed in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. These observations are relevant in relation to the application of these novel diarylethenes as potential optical materials. Copyright

Two new unsymmetrically substituted photochromic diarylethenes, namely 3-[3, 3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-2-(2-methylbenzothien-3-yl)cyclopent-1-en-1-yl]-2- methyl-6-methoxy-1- benzothiophene and 3-[3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-2-(2- methylbenzothien-3-yl)cyclopent-1-en-1-yl]-2-methyl-6-methoxy-7-nitro-1- benzothiophene, were synthesized. Their optical properties and kinetics of cyclization and cycloreversion were determined in four solvents and compared with the symmetrical diarylethene (3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-en-1,2- diyl)bis(2-methyl-1-benzothiophene). While the UV spectra of the three compounds are almost insensitive to solvent changes, the rates of the ring-opening and ring-closure reactions exhibit interesting kinetic behavior that differs from other diarylethenes reported in the literature. The cycloreversion for the three compounds follows first-order kinetics, whereas the cyclization cannot be described by a simple kinetic law. Different approaches were tested, and a complex exponential equation could be derived that fits the experimental data. The unusual presence of two ring-opened conformational isomers, one of them nonphotochromic, is proposed for the ring-opened compounds to explain the derived kinetic law and observed solvent effects. These results are of interest in relation to the application of the novel diarylethenes as potential optical materials.

2-arylbenzothiophene derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition for the diagnosis or treatment of degenerative brain disease containing the same as an active ingredient. Since the 2-arylbenzothiophene derivatives of Formula 1 have a relatively high binding affinity for β-amyloid, they can be used as diagnostic reagents for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease at an early stage by non-invasive techniques when they are labeled with radioisotopes: wherein R1-R4, V, W, X, Y and Z are as defined in the Detailed Descript of the specification. Further, when the pharmaceutical composition containing the 2-arylbenzothiophene derivative binds with a low-molecular weight β-amyloid peptide binding compound, generation of malignant high-molecular weight β-amyloid deposits is minimized. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical composition can be used as a therapeutic agent of degenerative brain disease such as Alzheimer's disease.

The invention relates to novel compound of the general formula (I), in which R has the meanings indicated in Claim 1, to the preparation thereof and to the use thereof as medicaments. The compounds (I) are inhibitors of steroid sulfatase and are used for the treatment of cancer.

The present invention relates to famesoid X receptors (FXR, NR1H4) FXR is a member of the nuclear receptor class of ligand-activate transcription factors More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds useful as agonists for FXR, pharmaceutical formulations comprising such compounds, and therapeutic use of the same Novel isoxazole compounds are disclosed as part of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of a condition mediated by decreased FXR activity, such as obesity, diabetes, cholestatic liver disease, liver fibrosis, and metabolic syndrome

The present invention relates to famesoid X receptors (FXR, NR1 H4) FXR is a member of the nuclear receptor class of ligand-activated transcription factors More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds useful as agonists for FXR, pharmaceu

The present invention relates to a 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative of formula (I), wherein R1 is H or C1-5alkyl; X is O or NR2, wherein R2 is H, C1-5alkyl or C2-5acyl and Ar is C6-10aryl or a 5-10 membered heteroaryl ring system, both being optionally substituted with one to three of R3-R5 independently selected from halogen, C1-5alkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C3-6cycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, CN, NO2, hydroxy, phenyl, phenoxy and phenylC1-2alkoxy, wherein said C1-5alkyl and C1-5alkoxy are optionally substituted with one to three halogens and wherein said phenyl, phenoxy and phenylC1-2alkoxy are optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halogen and methyl or two of R3-R5 at adjacent positions together form a methylenedioxy or propylene unit, with the proviso that the compounds exo-9-methyl-3-phenoxy-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and N-(9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl)-1H indazole-5-amine are excluded, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives and to their use in therapy.

The present invention relates to a 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative of formula I, wherein each of the substituents is given the definition as set forth in the specification and claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives and to their use in therapy.

The compounds of the present invention are represented by the chemical structure found in Formula (I): wherein: the carbon atom designated * is in the R or S configuration; and X is a fused bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle selected from the group consisting of benzofuranyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridinyl, [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridinyl, thieno[2,3-b]pyridinyl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridinyl, 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridinyl, indenyl, indanyl, dihydrobenzocycloheptenyl, tetrahydrobenzocycloheptenyl, dihydrobenzothiophenyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, indolinyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, 9aH-quinolizinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[1,2,3]triazinyl, benzo[1,2,4]triazinyl, 2H-chromenyl, 4H-chromenyl, and a fused bicyclic carbocycle or fused bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with substituents (1 to 4 in number) as defined in R14; with R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R14 defined herein.

The present invention relates to a selective estrogen receptor modulator of formula I: or a pharmaceutical acid addition salt thereof; useful, e.g., for treating endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma.

The invention is a compound of Formula (I): wherein R is —OH, R1is —OH, R2is —H, n is 2 or 3 and X is sulfur, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound having Formula (1), or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compou

The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) which are useful for treating depression, anxiety, and alleviating the symptoms caused by withdrawal or partial withdrawal from the use of tobacco or of nicotine.

The invention relates to compounds represented by the formula I and to prodrugs or metabolites thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates of said compounds, said prodrugs, and said metabolites, wherein Z, Y, R11 and R14, R15, R16, and R17 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of formula I and to methods of treating hyperproliferative disorders in a mammal by administering the compounds of formula I.

A novel series of benzo[b]thiophene diamine thrombin inhibitors with a conformationally restricted C3-side chain 3 was investigated. The constrained C3-side chain by a cyclohexyl ring contributed to not only an additive but also a synergistic effect on the thrombin inhibitory activity. The SAR studies resulted in the discovery of a potent thrombin inhibitor 27 that was over 750-fold more potent than the initial lead compound 1.

Derivatives of benzothiophene-2-sulfonamide were prepared to investigate their potential utility as topically active inhibitors of ocular carbonic anhydrase.Such an agent would be useful in the treatment of glaucoma.Among the compounds described are 6-hydroxybenzothiophene-2-sulfonamide (16) and its acetate ester (23), which are among the most potent ocular hypotensive agents in this class, as assessed in the α-chymotrypsinized rabbit.These compounds were selected for clinical evaluation.

Novel 2-sulfamoylbenzo[b]thiophenes and derivatives thereof are shown to be useful for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in compositions including ophthalmic drops and inserts.

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