Basic information
- Name:
Calcium cyanamide
- CAS No.:
156-62-7
- Molecular Structure:
- Formula:
- CCaN2
- Molecular Weight:
- 80.11
- Synonyms:
- Calciumcyanamide (7CI);Alzodef;Calcium cyanamide (CaCN2);Cy-L 500;Cyanamid;Lime nitrogen;Nitrogen lime;Nitrolim;Nitrolime;Perlka;
- EINECS:
- 205-861-8
- Density:
- 2.29 g/cm3
- Melting Point:
- >300 °C(lit.)
- Boiling Point:
- 258.5 °C at 760 mmHg
- Flash Point:
- 42.1 °C
- Hazard Symbols:
Xn- Risk Codes:
- 22-37-41-15
- Safety Description:
- 26-39-43-36/37/39-22 Details
- Transport Information:
- UN 1403
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Chemistry
Product Name: Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7)
Molecular Formula: CCaN2
Molar mass: 80.10 g/mol
EINECS: 205-861-8
Density: 2.29 g/cm3
Flash Point: 42.1 °C
Melting point: 1340 °C
Water solubility: Reacts
Boiling Point: 1150-1200 °C (sublim.)
Appearance: White solid (Often gray or black from impurities)
Solubility: soluble in water, alcohol, acetone
H-Bond Donor: 1
H-Bond Acceptor: 2
Structure Descriptors of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7):
IUPAC Name: calcium cyanamide
Canonical SMILES: C(#N)N.[Ca+2]
InChI: InChI=1S/CH2N2.Ca/c2-1-3;/h2H2;/q;+2
InChIKey: STRTXDFFNXSZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Product Categories: Pharmaceutical Intermediates; Inorganics
Uses
The main use of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) is in agriculture as a fertilizer. In contact with water it decomposes and liberates ammonia:
CaCN2 + 3 H2O → 2 NH3 + CaCO3
It was used in the preparation of melamine and calcium cyanide.And it can also be used to produce sodium cyanide by fusing with sodium carbonate, which was used in cyanide process in gold mining:
CaCN2 + Na2CO3 → 2 NaCN + CaO + O2
Production
Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) is formed when calcium carbide reacts with nitrogen.
CaC2 + N2 → CaCN2 + C
The reaction takes place in large steel chambers. An electric carbon element heats the reactants to red heat. Nitrogen is pressurised at 2 atmospheres.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| human | LDLo | oral | 571mg/kg (571mg/kg) | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1969. | |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689, | |
| mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 282mg/kg (282mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 334mg/kg (334mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | oral | 1400mg/kg (1400mg/kg) | Pesticide Chemicals Official Compendium, Association of the American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., 1966. Vol. -, Pg. 174, 1966. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | 590mg/kg (590mg/kg) | "Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology," 3rd ed., Grayson, M., and D. Eckroth, eds. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978Vol. 7, Pg. 291, 1979. | |
| rat | LC50 | inhalation | > 150mg/m3/4H (150mg/m3) | "Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A053, Pg. 1984, | |
| rat | LD50 | intravenous | 125mg/kg (125mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 158mg/kg (158mg/kg) | Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 304, 1982. | |
| rat | LD50 | unreported | 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. Vol. 6, Pg. 73, 1973. |
Consensus Reports
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed); No Evidence: mouse, rat NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series. (Bethesda, MD 20014) No. NCI-CG-TR-163 ,1979. . Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic to humans by ingestion. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported. The fatal dose, by ingestion, is probably around 20 to 30 g for an adult. It does not have a cyanide effect. Calcium cyanamide is not believed to have a cumulative action. Flammable. Reaction with water forms the explosive acetylene gas. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN−. See also CALCIUM COMPOUNDS, AMIDES, and CYANIDE.
Safety Information of Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7):
Hazard Note: Harmful Irritant
Hazard Codes: Xn
Risk Statements:
22: Harmful if swallowed
37: Irritating to the respiratory system
41: Risk of serious damage to eyes
Safety Statements:
22: Do not breathe dust
26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
36: Wear suitable protective clothing
37: Wear suitable gloves
39: Wear eye/face protection
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 mg/m3; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 1 mg/m3
DOT Classification: 4.3; Label: Dangerous When Wet
Specification
Calcium cyanamide (CAS NO.156-62-7) also can be called Cyanamide calcium salt , UN 1403 , Lime Nitrogen , Nitrolime .It is a calcium compound used as fertiliser, first synthesized in 1898 by Adolph Frank and Nikodem Caro.It is commercially known as Nitrolim.It crystalizes in hexagonal crystal system with space group R3m and lattice constants a = 3.67, c = 14.85 (.10-1 nm).