Nucleus
Name:
Nucleus
Detailed information:
(1) The positively charged central mass of an atom, it contains essentially the total mass in the form of protons and neutrons. The nucleus of the hydrogen atom consists of one proton, while that of uranium is composed of 92 protons and 146 neutrons.(2) The central portion of a living cell, consisting primarily of nucleoplasm in which chromatin is dispersed. It is enclosed by a membrane that separates it from the surrounding cytoplasm. All the most important functions of the cell, including the mechanics of division (mitosis) and the programming of the genetic code, take place in the nucleus. See Gene; Chromosome.(3) The characteristic structure of a group of chemical compounds, e.g., the benzene nucleus.(4) Any small particle that can serve as the basis for crystal growth (see Nucleation).Note: The multiple meanings of nucleus and resonance can be a source of confusion, especially when these terms are closely associated, as in nuclear magnetic resonance and resonance of a molecular nucleus. In the first of these expressions, nucleus is used in sense (1) under nucleus and resonance in sense (2) under resonance. In the second expression, nucleus is used in sense (3) under nucleus and resonance in sense (1) under resonance.
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