Neurotox Res
Corona JC, Duchen MR (2015) PPARγ and PGC-1α as therapeutic tar-
gets in Parkinson’s. Neurochem Res 40(2):308–316
Delerive P, Fruchart JC, Staels B (2001) Peroxisome proliferator-
activated receptors in inflammation control. J Endocrinol 169(3):
453–459
DiSabato DJ, Quan N, Godbout JP (2016) Neuroinflammation: the devil
is in the details. J Neurochem 139(Suppl 2):136–153
Ewing TJ, Makino S, Skillman AG, Kuntz ID (2001) DOCK 4.0: search
strategies for automated molecular docking of flexible molecule
databases. J Comput Aided Mol Des 15(5):411–428
Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS,
Tannenbaum SR (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and
[15N]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126(1):131–138
Guasch L, Sala E, Castell-Auví A, Cedó L, Liedl KR, Wolber G,
Muehlbacher M, Mulero M, Pinent M, Ardévol A, Valls C,
Pujadas G, Garcia-Vallvé S (2012) Identification of PPARgamma
partial agonists of natural origin (I): development of a virtual screen-
ing procedure and in vitro validation. PLoS One 7(11):e50816
Hunter R, Bing G (2007) Agonism of peroxisome proliferator receptor-
gamma may have therapeutic potential for neuroinflammation and
Parkinsons disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 5(1):35–46
Marmolino D, Manto M, Acquaviva F, Vergara P, Ravella A, Monticelli
A, Pandolfo M (2010) PGC-1alpha down-regulation affects the an-
tioxidant response in Friedreich’s ataxia. PLoS One 5(4):e10025
Moreno S, Farioli-Vecchioli S, Cerù MP (2004) Immunolocalization of
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and retinoid X receptors
in the adult rat CNS. Neuroscience 123(1):131–145
Noworyta-Sokołowska K, Górska A, Gołembiowska K (2013) LPS-
induced oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in the rat stria-
tum. Pharmacol Rep 65(4):863–869
Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal
tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95(2):351–
358
Patel SP, Cox DH, Gollihue JL, Bailey WM, Geldenhuys WJ, Gensel JC,
Sullivan PG, Rabchevsky AG (2017) Pioglitazone treatment follow-
ing spinal cord injury maintains acute mitochondrial integrity and
increases chronic tissue sparing and functional recovery. Exp Neurol
293:74–82
Qin W, Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Cardozo CP, Ho L, Buxbaum JD,
Pasinetti GM (2009) PGC-1alpha expression decreases in the
Alzheimer disease brain as a function of dementia. Arch Neurol
66(3):352–361
Qiu D, Li XN (2015) Pioglitazone inhibits the secretion of proinflamma-
tory cytokines and chemokines in astrocytes stimulated with lipo-
polysaccharide. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 53(9):746–752
Rampe D, Wang L, Ringheim GE (2004) P2X7 receptor modulation of
beta-amyloid- and LPS-induced cytokine secretion from human
macrophages and microglia. J Neuroimmunol 147(1-2):56–61
Randy LH, Guoying B (2007) Agonism of peroxisome proliferator
receptor-gamma may have therapeutic potential for neuroinflamma-
tion and Parkinson’s disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 5(1):35–46
Roeske-Nielsen A, Fredman P, Mansson JE, Bendtzen K, Buschard K
(2004) Beta-galactosylceramide increases and sulfatide decreases
cytokine and chemokine production in whole blood cells.
Immunol Lett 91(2-3):205–211
Jin R, Yang G, Li G (2010) Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke:
role of inflammatory cells. J Leukoc Biol 87(5):779–789
Jin J, Albertz J, Guo Z, Peng Q, Rudow G, Troncoso JC, Ross CA, Duan
W (2013) Neuroprotective effects of PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone
in N171-82Q mouse model of Huntington’s disease. J Neurochem
125(3):410–419
Johri A, Chandra A, Flint Beal M (2013) PGC-1α, mitochondrial dys-
function, and Huntington’s disease. Free Radic Biol Med 62:37–46
Kaja S, Duncan RS, Longoria S, Hilgenberg JD, Payne AJ, Desai NM,
Parikh RA, Burroughs SL, Gregg EV, Goad DL, Koulen P (2011)
Novel mechanism of increased Ca2+ release following oxidative
stress in neuronal cells involves type 2 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate
receptors. Neuroscience 175:281–291
Róna-Vörös K, Weydt P (2010) The role of PGC-1α in the pathogenesis
of neurodegenerative disorders. Curr Drug Targets 11(10):1262–
1269
Rosenberger K, Derkow K, Dembny P, Krüger C, Schott E, Lehnardt S
(2014) The impact of single and pairwise Toll-like receptor activa-
tion on neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. J
Neuroinflammation 11:166
Shah S, Baseer MAPG (2012) Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of
some novel Schiff bases. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 5(3):228–232
Sharma N, Nehru B (2015) Characterization of the lipopolysaccharide
induced model of Parkinson’s disease: role of oxidative stress and
neuroinflammation. Neurochem Int 87:92–105
Skeel RD, Zhang G, Schlick T (1997) A family of symplectic integrators:
stability, accuracy, and molecular dynamics applications. SIAM J
Sci Comput 18(1):203–222
St-Pierre J, Drori S, Uldry M, Silvaggi JM, Rhee J, Jäger S, Handschin C,
Zheng K, Lin J, Yang W, Simon DK, Bachoo R, Spiegelman BM
(2006) Suppression of reactive oxygen species and neurodegenera-
tion by the PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators. Cell 127(2):397–408
Swanson CR, Joers V, Bondarenko V, Brunner K, Simmons HA, Ziegler
TE, Kemnitz JW, Johnson JA, Emborg ME (2011) The PPAR-γ
agonist pioglitazone modulates inflammation and induces neuropro-
tection in parkinsonian monkeys. J Neuroinflammation 8:91
Tuckerman M, Berne BJ, Martyna GJ (1992) Reversible multiple time
scale molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 97(3):1990–2001
Tyagi S, Gupta P, Saini AS, Kaushal C, Sharma S (2011) The peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor: a family of nuclear receptors role in
various diseases. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2(4):236–240
Vanommeslaeghe K, Hatcher E, Acharya C, Kundu S, Zhong S, Shim J,
Darian E, Guvench O, Lopes P, Vorobyov I, Mackerell AD Jr (2010)
CHARMM general force field: a force field for drug-like molecules
Katsouri L, Parr C, Bogdanovic N, Willem M, Sastre M (2011) PPARγ
co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) reduces amyloid-β generation through a
PPARγ-dependent mechanism. J Alzheimers Dis 25(1):151–162
Katsouri L, Lim YM, Blondrath K, Eleftheriadou I, Lombardero L, Birch
AM, Mirzaei N, Irvine EE, Mazarakis ND, Sastre M (2016) PPARγ-
coactivator-1α gene transfer reduces neuronal loss and amyloid-β
generation by reducing β-secretase in an Alzheimer’s disease mod-
el. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 113(43):12292–12297
Kulkarni SS, Gediya LK, Kulkarni VM (1999) Three-dimensional quan-
titative structure activity relationships (3-D-QSAR) of
antihyperglycemic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 7(7):1475–1485
Lattke M, Reichel SN, Baumann B (2017) NF-κB-mediated astrocyte
dysfunction initiates neurodegeneration. Oncotarget 8(31):50329–
50330
Leow-Dyke S, Allen C, Denes A, Nilsson O, Maysami S, Bowie AG,
Rothwell NJ, Pinteaux E (2012) Neuronal Toll-like receptor 4 sig-
naling induces brain endothelial activation and neutrophil transmi-
gration in vitro. J Neuroinflammation 9:230
Li Y, Kovach A, Suino-Powell K, Martynowski D, Xu HE (2008)
Structural and biochemical basis for the binding selectivity of per-
oxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma to PGC-1alpha. J
Biol Chem 283(27):19132–19139
Li H, Zhang Q, Yang X, Wang L (2017) PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone
reduces autophagy and promotes functional recovery in experimen-
tal traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurosci Lett 650:89–96
Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D, Sun SC (2017) NF-κB signaling in inflammation.
Signal Transduct Target Ther 2. pii: 17023.
Luo Y, Yin W, Signore AP, Zhang F, Hong Z, Wang S, Graham SH, Chen
J (2006) Neuroprotection against focal ischemic brain injury by the
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist
rosiglitazone. J Neurochem 97(2):435–448