Catalysis Science & Technology
Paper
was achieved over H-USY(6) along with 90% total tetrose
yield. ERU could also be formed from THO (epimer of ERO)
under optimized reaction conditions, but ERU isomerized to
ERO and THO to some degree, making the conversion slower.
Application of the H-USY(6) catalyst in consecutive reaction
runs demonstrated that it could be reused in at least five
runs without significant loss of activity, resulting in around
40% ERU yield. Moreover, ICP-OES analysis of the reaction
solutions confirmed that aluminum leaching from the cata-
lyst was very low under the applied reaction conditions. Nota-
bly, results obtained from analogous isomerization of ERO in
methanol – which is the preferred solvent for C6 and C5
sugar isomerization – inferred that ERO degraded to a large
extent to form other products. Hence, the results evidently
support the fact that enhancement in the yield of ERU and
suppression of by-products by degradation can be achieved
by performing the isomerization in water. Use of relatively
mild reaction conditions, a purely green solvent such as
water and a solid catalyst with high potential for regeneration
makes the isomerization protocol prone to further industrial
exploration.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Danish Council for Independent Research –
Technology and Production Sciences (project no. 10-081991)
and the Catalysis for Sustainable Energy initiative funded by
the Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation for
financial support of this work. Assoc. Prof. Jens E.T, Andersen,
Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark is
acknowledged for performing the ICP-OES analysis.
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