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Name	HALOTHANE	EINECS	N/A
CAS No.	151-67-7	Density	1.872g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
PSA	0.00000	LogP	2.50850
Solubility	N/A	Melting Point	N/A
Formula	C2H Br Cl F3	Boiling Point	50.2°C(lit.)
Molecular Weight	197.382	Flash Point	49-50°C
Transport Information	N/A	Appearance	N/A
Safety	A human poison by intravenous route. Human systemic effects by intravenous route: general anesthetic, heart rate change, cyanosis; by inhalation: hepatitis, nausea, fever. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. A severe eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen. Human mutation data reported. Used as a clinical anesthetic. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of F⁻, Cl⁻, and Br⁻. See also CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; BROMIDES; and FLUORIDES.
Analytical Methods:		For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #29.	Risk Codes	R36;
Molecular Structure		Hazard Symbols	TLV: 50 ppm; not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
Synonyms	(?à)-Halothane;1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane; 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-chloro-2-bromoethane;1-Bromo-1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane; 2,2,2-Trifluoro-1-chloro-1-bromoethane;2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane; 2-Chloro-2-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroethane;Alotano; Anestan; Fluktan; Fluothane; Freon 123B1; Ftorotan; Halan; Halothane;Halsan; NSC 143490; Narcotan; Narcotane; Narkotan; R 123B1; Rhodialothan	Article Data	25

HALOTHANE Chemical Properties

Formula: C₂HBrClF₃
Mol. mass: 197.381 g/mol
Boiling point: 50.2 ^°C (at 101.325 kPa)
Density: 1.868 g/cm³ (at 20 ^°C)
Molecular Weight: 197.4 u
Vapor pressure: 244 mmHg (at 20 ^°C); 288 mmHg (at 24 ^°C)
MAC: 0.75 vol %
Blood: Gas Partition coefficient: 2.5
Oil: Gas Partition coefficient: 224
HALOTHANE is colourless and pleasant-smelling, but unstable in light.

HALOTHANE History

This halogenated hydrocarbon was first synthesised by C. W. Suckling of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) in 1951 and was first used clinically by M. Johnstone in Manchester in 1956. Use of the anesthetic was phased out during the 1980s and 1990s as newer anesthetic agents became popular. Halothane retains some use in veterinary surgery and in the Third World because of its lower cost. Halothane was given to many millions of adult and pediatric patients worldwide from its introduction in 1956 through the 1980s. By the year 2005 the common volatile anaesthetics in use were isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane. Since the risk of halothane hepatitis in children was substantially lower than in adults, halothane saw continued use in pediatrics in the 1990s. However, by the year 2000 sevoflurane had largely replaced the use of halothane in children.

HALOTHANE Production

The commercial synthesis of HALOTHANE starts from trichloroethylene, which is reacted with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of antimony trichloride at 130^°C to form 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. This is then reacted with bromine at 450^°C to produce halothane.

HALOTHANE Toxicity Data With Reference

1.	eye-rbt 100 mg SEV	FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 35 (1976),729.
2.	sln-dmg-ihl 1 pph/1H	ANESAV Anesthesiology. 62 (1985),305.
3.	cyt-hmn:lym 1 pph/48H-C	NSMZDZ Nippon Shika Masui Gakkai Zasshi. 7 (1979),19.
4.	dns-rat-orl 10 g/kg	JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. 10 (1982),327.
5.	ihl-hmn LCLo:7000 ppm/3H:LIV,GIT,MET	ANESAV Anesthesiology. 24 (1963),29.
6.	ivn-man LDLo:129 mg/kg:CNS,CVS,PUL	LANCAO Lancet. 1 (1982),340.
7.	orl-rat LD50:5680 mg/kg	GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professionalnye Zabolevaniia. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. 24 (3)(1980),36.
8.	ihl-rat LC50:29,000 ppm	FATOAO Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya (Moscow). 25 (1962),143.
9.	ihl-mus LC50:22,000 ppm/10M	JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 86 (1946),197.
10.	orl-gpg LD50:6000 mg/kg	GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professionalnye Zabolevaniia. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

HALOTHANE Consensus Reports

IARC Cancer Review: Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 , 1987,p. 93.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

HALOTHANE Safety Profile

A human poison by intravenous route. Human systemic effects by intravenous route: general anesthetic, heart rate change, cyanosis; by inhalation: hepatitis, nausea, fever. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. A severe eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen. Human mutation data reported. Used as a clinical anesthetic. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of F⁻, Cl⁻, and Br⁻. See also CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; BROMIDES; and FLUORIDES.

HALOTHANE Standards and Recommendations

ACGIH TLV: TWA 50 ppm; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 5 ppm (41 mg/m³); BAT: 250 μg/dL of trifluoroacetic acid in blood at end of shift
NIOSH REL: (Waste Anesthetic Gases and Vapors) CL 2 ppm/1H

HALOTHANE Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #29.