Basic information
- Name:
Lactic acid
- CAS No.:
50-21-5
- Molecular Structure:
- Formula:
- C3H6O3
- Synonyms:
- DL-Milchsaeure;Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-;2-Hydroxy-2-methylacetic acid;Aethylidenmilchsaeure;Purac FCC 88;2-Hydroxypropionic acid;Tonsillosan;Racemic lactic acid;Milk acid;alpha-Hydroxypropanoic acid;FEMA No. 2611;Chem-Cast;Lactovagan;Lactate (TN);2-hydroxypropanoic acid;(RS)-2-Hydroxypropionsaeure;Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- (9CI);(+-)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid;Fermentationlactic acid Propanoic acid,2-hydroxy-;SY-83;Ordinary lactic acid;Biolac;Acidum lacticum;Lactic acid (7CI,8CI);alpha-hydroxypropionic acid;Milchsaeure;1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid;
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Chemistry
Structure of Lactic acid (CAS NO.50-21-5):
IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
Empirical Formula: C3H6O3
Molecular Weight: 90.0779g/mol
EINECS: 200-018-0
Index of Refraction: 1.451
Molar Refractivity: 19 cm3
Molar Volume: 70.5 cm3
Polarizability: 7.53×10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 49.7 dyne/cm
Density: 1.276 g/cm3
Flash Point: 109.9 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 53.96 kJ/mol
Melting point: 18 ºC
Boiling Point: 227.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.015 mmHg at 25°C
Product Categories: FOOD ADDITIVES;Plant Growth Regulator;Food & Feed ADDITIVES;ACS GradeChiral Building Blocks;Carboxylic Acids;Essential Chemicals;Organic Building Blocks;Routine Reagents;Food & Flavor Additives
Canonical SMILES: CC(C(=O)O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)
InChIKey: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Production
Commercially, lactic acid (CAS NO.50-21-5) is manufactured by controlled fermentation of the hexose sugars from molasses, corn, or milk. Lactates are made by synthetic methods from acetaldehyde and lactonitrile, a by-product acrylonitrile production.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| guinea pig | LD50 | oral | 1810mg/kg (1810mg/kg) | Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 23, Pg. 259, 1941. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 4875mg/kg (4875mg/kg) | FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 40, Pg. 144, 1967. | |
| quail | LD50 | oral | > 2250mg/kg (2250mg/kg) | Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C252, 1991. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | > 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C252, 1991. | |
| rabbit | LDLo | oral | 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Vol. 15, Pg. 628, 1923. | |
| rabbit | LDLo | rectal | 600mg/kg (600mg/kg) | Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 83, Pg. 136, 1920. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 3543mg/kg (3543mg/kg) | Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C252, 1991. |
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes: 
Xi,
C
Risk Statements: 38-41-34
R38: Irritating to skin.
R41: Risk of serious damage to the eyes.
R34: Causes burns.
Safety Statements: 26-39-45-36/37/39
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S39: Wear eye / face protection.
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
RIDADR: 3265
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: OD2800000
F: 3
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: III
Moderately toxic by ingestion and rectal routes. Mutation data reported. A severe skin and eye irritant. Mixtures with nitric acid + hydrofluoric acid may react vigorously and are storage hazards. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Specification
Lactic acid , its cas register number is 50-21-5. It also can be called (RS)-2-Hydroxypropionsaeure ; 1-Hydroxyethanecarboxylic acid ; 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid ; Acidum lacticum ; Aethylidenmilchsaeure ; DL-Lactic acid ; DL-Milchsaeure ; Ethylidenelactic acid ; Kyselina 2-hydroxypropanova ; Kyselina mlecna ; Lactate ; Lactovagan ; Milchsaeure ;
Milchsaure ; Milk acid ; Ordinary lactic acid ; Propionic acid, 2-hydroxy- ; Racemic lactic acid ; Tonsillosan ; alpha-Hydroxypropionic acid . Lactic acid (CAS NO.50-21-5) is a colourless to yellow liquid.
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