Basic information
- Name:
Lactose
- CAS No.:
63-42-3
- Molecular Structure:
- Formula:
- C12H22O11
- Molecular Weight:
- 342.34
- Synonyms:
- 4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose;D-Glucose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-;Galactinum;Fast-flo Lactose;
- EINECS:
- 200-559-2
- Density:
- 1.76 g/cm3
- Melting Point:
- 222.8 °C
- Boiling Point:
- 667.9 °C at 760 mmHg
- Flash Point:
- 357.8 °C
- Solubility:
- 5-10 g/100 mL at 20 °C in water
- Appearance:
- white crystals or powder
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Chemistry
Molecular Structure:
Molecular Formula: C12H22O11
Molecular Weight: 342.30
IUPAC Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
Synonyms of Lactose (CAS NO.200-559-2): (+)-Lactose ; 4-(beta-D-Galactosido)-D-glucose ; 4 -O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucose ; D-Lactose ; Lactose, anhydrous
CAS NO: 200-559-2
EINECS: 200-559-2
H bond acceptors: 11
H bond donors: 8
Freely Rotating Bonds: 12
Polar Surface Area: 101.53 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.652
Molar Refractivity: 70.8 cm3
Molar Volume: 193.6 cm3
Surface Tension: 110.8 dyne/cm
Density: 1.76 g/cm3
Flash Point: 357.8 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 112.36 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 667.9 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 1.08E-20 mmHg at 25°C
Melting Point: 222.8°C
Water Solubility: 5-10 g/100 mL at 20 ºC
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Appearance: white crystals or powder
Product Categories of Lactose (CAS NO.200-559-2): Dextrins、Sugar & Carbohydrates
Uses
Lactose (CAS NO.200-559-2) is used in stout beers rarely to sweeten the beer and is non-fermentable in beer.
Production
Lactose (CAS NO.200-559-2) is little fermented by baker's yeast and during brewing, which may be used to advantage. It is extracted from sweet or sour whey.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dog | LDLo | intravenous | 1500mg/kg (1500mg/kg) | "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935. | |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975. | |
| rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | > 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) | Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975. |
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: OD9625000
Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic and teratogenic data. Mixtures with oxidants (e.g., potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, or potassium perchlorate) may be explosion hazards. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Specification
Lactose is a sugar that is found most notably in milk. The name comes from the Latin word for milk, plus the -ose ending used to name sugars.