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Lead monoxide

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Name

Lead monoxide

EINECS 215-267-0
CAS No. 1317-36-8 Density 9.53 g/cm3
PSA 17.07000 LogP -0.49960
Solubility Soluble in concentrated alkali, hydrochloric acid, and ammonium chloride. Insoluble in water, dilute alkali and alcohol. Melting Point 886 ºC
Formula PbO Boiling Point 1470 ºC
Molecular Weight 225.215 Flash Point N/A
Transport Information UN 2291 6.1/PG 3 Appearance yellow powder
Safety 53-45-60-61 Risk Codes 61-20/22-33-50/53-62
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 1317-36-8 (Lead monoxide) Hazard Symbols ToxicT,DangerousN
Synonyms

C.I. 77577;C.I. Pigment Yellow 46;Lead monooxide;Lead oxide;

Article Data 5

Lead monoxide Synthetic route

1317-36-8

lead(II) oxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In gaseous matrix mixt. of Pb vapor (generated in furnace chamber, 760-890°C) and Ar carrier gas in flow tube reactor, mixed in reaction area with oxidizer to produce flame (175-190°C); chemiluminescence observed during reaction analyzed;
In neat (no solvent, gas phase) reaction of vaporized lead in Ar carrier gas (0.8-1.5 Torr) with O2(1Δg) from microwave discharge; high resolution FT emission spectroscopy;
In neat (no solvent, gas phase) flow tube reactor; excited O2 was generated by microwave discharge; detn. by luminescence spectroscopy;
1317-36-8

lead(II) oxide

A

O4Pb4

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) PbO vapor with N2 is quenched (15 K, by choice annealing at 30 K); monitored by IR, Raman;

Lead monoxide Chemical Properties

Molecule structure of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8):

Molecular Weight: 223.1994 g/mol
Molecular Formula: OPb 
IUPAC Name: Oxolead 
Density: 9.53 g/cm3
Melting Point: 886 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 1470 °C 
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg ( 0 °C)
Refractive Index: 2.67
H-Bond Acceptor: 1
Exact Mass: 223.971551
MonoIsotopic Mass: 223.971551
Topological Polar Surface Area: 17.1
Heavy Atom Count: 2
Canonical SMILES: O=[Pb]
InChI: InChI=1S/O.Pb
InChIKey: YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS: 215-267-0
Product Categories: Inorganic Chemicals; Inorganics; ACS GradeChemical Synthesis; Essential Chemicals; Routine Reagents; Lead; Metal and Ceramic Science; Oxides; Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry; Chemical Synthesis; LeadMetal and Ceramic Science; I-N, Puriss p.a.Metal and Ceramic Science; Analytical Reagents for General Use; Puriss p.a.

Lead monoxide Uses

 Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) is used extensively in manufacturing of lead glasses and ceramic glazes as well as in fine dinnerware. It is also used in cathode ray tube glass to block X-ray emission, but mainly in the neck and funnel because it can cause discoloration when used in the faceplate.

Lead monoxide Production

PbO is prepared by heating lead metal in air at 600 C. Alternatively, it is obtained by the thermal decomposition of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) or lead carbonate:
2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
PbCO3 → PbO + CO2
The structure of the solid, determined by X-ray crystallography, reveals a pyramidal four-coordinate Pb center. The pyramidal nature indicates the presence of a stereochemically active lone pair of electrons.

Lead monoxide Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
dog LDLo oral 1400mg/kg (1400mg/kg)   "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935.
rat LDLo intraperitoneal 430mg/kg (430mg/kg) BLOOD: OTHER CHANGES Industrial Medicine. Vol. 10, Pg. 15, 1941.

Lead monoxide Consensus Reports

IARC Cancer Review: Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 23 , 1980,p. 325.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program. Lead and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

Lead monoxide Safety Profile

Hazard Codes of Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8): ToxicT, DangerousN
Risk Statements: 61-20/22-33-50/53-62 
R61: May cause harm to the unborn child. 
R20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. 
R33: Danger of cumulative effects. 
R50/53: Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R62: Risk of impaired fertility.
Safety Statements: 53-45-60-61 
S53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. 
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S60: This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
RIDADR: UN 2291 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: OG1750000
TSCA: Yes
HazardClass: 6.1(b)
PackingGroup: III
Hazardous Substances Data: 1317-36-8(Hazardous Substances Data)
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. A skin irritant. Questionable carcinogen. Avoid breathing dust. Wash thoroughly after contact with the material and before eating or smoking. Explosive reaction with rubidium acetylide at 200°C, zirconium + heat, silicon + aluminum + heat, chlorine + ethylene (at 100°C), perchloric acid + glycerin. Violent or explosive thermite reaction when heated with aluminum powder. Violent or explosive reaction with chlorinated rubber (above 200°C), fluoroelastomers (at 200°C), peroxyformic acid. Violent reaction or ignition with hydrogen trisulfide. May ignite spontaneously with linseed oil, dichloromethylsilane, fluorine + glycerin. Vigorous reaction with silicon + heat. Incandescent reaction with warm aluminum carbide, lithium acetylide, boron, seleninyl chloride. Incompatible with chlorine, perchloric acid, metal acetylides, metals, nonmetals. Mixtures of lead oxide with glycerin have been used as a jointing compound and may explode when exposed to powerful oxidizers. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Pb. Used in manufacturing of storage batteries, ceramic products, paints, and rubber. See also LEAD COMPOUNDS.

Lead monoxide Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m3
NIOSH REL: (Inorganic Lead) TWA 0.10 mg(Pb)/m3

Lead monoxide Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Lead, 7082; Elements, 7300.

Lead monoxide Specification

 Lead(II) oxide (CAS NO.1317-36-8) is also named as Bleimonoxid ; Bleioxyd ; C.I. 77577 ; C.I. Pigment Yellow 46 ; CI 77577 ; CI Pigment Yellow 46 ; HSDB 638 ; Lead Oxide Yellow ; Lead monooxide ; Lead monoxide ; Lead oxide (PbO) ; Lead oxide (VAN) ; Lead protoxide ; Lead(2+) oxide ; Lead(II) oxide ; Litharge ; Litharge Pure ; Litharge Yellow L-28 ; Massicot ; Massicotite ; NSC 57634 ; Plumbi monoxidum ; Plumbous oxide ; Plumbum oxydatum ; Yellow Lead Ocher . It is light yellow-orange powder. It is stable and reacts violently with hydrogen peroxide, strong oxidizing agents, aluminium, zirconium, halogens, sulphur trioxide, boron, silicon, sodium, zinc. Lead oxide has weak oxidizing or reducing powers. Redox reactions can however still occur. The majority of compounds in this class are slightly soluble or insoluble in water. If soluble in water, then the solutions are usually neither strongly acidic nor strongly basic. These compounds are not water-reactive. Aluminum carbide is oxidized with incandescence on warming with lead oxide. Mixtures of lead oxide with aluminum powder(as with other metals: sodium, zirconium) give a violent explosions. Dust of Lead oxide may irritate eyes. Inhalation or ingestion of Lead oxide causes abdominal pain (lead colic), metallic taste in mouth, loss of weight, pain in muscles, and muscular weakness. 

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