Lead tetroxide

Molecule structure of Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6):

Molecular Weight: 685.5976 g/mol
Molecular Formula: O₄Pb₃ 
IUPAC Name: 2,4,6,7-Tetraoxa-1λ3,3λ2,5λ3-triplumbabicyclo[3.1.1]heptane 
EINECS: 215-235-6
Product Categories: Inorganics 
Stability: Stable. May react vigorously with reducing agents.
Density: 9.1 g/cm³
Melting Point: 500 °C
Boiling Point: 800°C
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg ( 0 °C)
H-Bond Acceptor: 4 
Exact Mass: 685.907379
MonoIsotopic Mass: 687.909566
Topological Polar Surface Area: 36.9
Heavy Atom Count: 7
Canonical SMILES: O1[Pb]O[Pb]2O[Pb]1O2
InChI: InChI=1S/4O.3Pb
InChIKey: XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

 Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6) was used as a red pigment in ancient Rome, where it was prepared by calcination of lead white. It was used as a pigment in the production of illuminated manuscripts, and gave its name to the minium or miniature, a style of picture painted with the colour in the ancient and medieval periods. As a finely divided powder, it was also sprinkled on dielectric surfaces to study Lichtenberg figures. It was clearly described by Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) in the early 10th century and  was first isolated as a pure compound by Arabic chemists.

 Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6) is used in the manufacture of batteries, lead glass and rust-proof primer paints. It finds extensive use as a priming coat for structural steel because it possesses corrosion-inhibiting properties.

 Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6) is prepared by calcination of lead(II) oxide (also called litharge) in air at about 450 to 480 °C:
6 PbO + O₂ → 2 Pb₃O₄
The resulting material is contaminated with lead(II) oxide. If a pure compound is desired, PbO can be removed by a potassium hydroxide solution:
PbO + KOH + H₂O → K[Pb(OH)₃] (aq)
Another method of preparation relies on annealing of lead carbonate (cerussite) in air:
6 PbCO₃ + O₂ → 2 Pb₃O₄ + 6 CO₂
Yet another method is oxidative annealing of lead white:
3 Pb₂CO₃(OH)₂ + O₂ → 2 Pb₃O₄ + 3 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
In solution, lead tetroxide can be prepared eg. by reaction of potassium plumbate with lead acetate:
K₂PbO₃ + 2 Pb(OCOCH₃)₂ + H₂O → Pb₃O₄ + 2 KOCOCH₃ + 2 CH₃COOH
yielding yellow insoluble lead tetroxide monohydrate, Pb₃O₄·H₂O, which can be turned into the anhydrous form by gentle heating.

 Lead and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Hazard Codes: O, T, N
Risk Statements: 61-8-20/22-33-50/53-62 
R61:May cause harm to the unborn child. 
R8 :Contact with combustible material may cause fire. 
R20/22:Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. 
R33:Danger of cumulative effects. 
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R62:Risk of impaired fertility.
Safety Statements: 53-45-60-61 
S53:Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. 
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
RIDADR: UN 1479 5.1/PG 2
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: OG5425000
Hazardous Substances Data: 1314-41-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Combustible by chemical reaction with reducing agents. An oxidizing agent. Explodes on contact with peroxyformic acid. Ignites on contact with dichloromethylsilane. Incandescent reaction with seleninyl chloride. One-percent fresh red lead decreases the explosion temperature of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene to 192°C. Incompatible with Al, CsHC₂, (F₂ + glycerin), H₂S₃, (glycerin + HClO₄), RbHC₂, (Si + Al), Na, SO₃, Ti, Zr. Mixtures of lead oxide with glycerin have been used as a jointing compound and may explode when exposed to powerful oxidizers. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Pb.

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m³
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m³
NIOSH REL: (Inorganic Lead) TWA 0.10 mg(Pb)/m³

  Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6) is red powder. It is stable and may react vigorously with reducing agents. It is insoluble in water and alcohol, soluble in nitric acid (the presence of hydrogen peroxide), acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and hot alkali. Synonyms of Lead oxide (CAS NO.1314-41-6) are C.I. 77578 ; C.I. Pigment Red 105 ; CI 77578 ; CI Pigment Red 105 ; EINECS 215-235-6 ; Gold satinobre ; HSDB 5801 ; Heuconin 5 ; Lead Oxide Red ; Lead orthoplumbate ; Lead oxide (3:4) ; Lead oxide (Pb3O4) ; Lead tetraoxide ; Lead tetroxide ; Mennige ; Mineral Orange ; Mineral Red ; Minium ; Minium Non-Setting RL 95 ; Minium Red ; Orange Lead ; Paris Red ; Pigment Red 105 ; Plumboplumbic oxide ; Red Lead ; Red Lead Oxide ; Red Lead Oxide (Pb3O4) ; Sandix ; Saturn Red ; Trilead tetraoxide ; Trilead tetroxide .