Basic information
- Name:
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
- CAS No.:
7722-76-1
- Molecular Structure:
- Formula:
- NH6PO4
- Molecular Weight:
- 115.03
- Synonyms:
- Phosphoricacid, monoammonium salt (8CI,9CI);Ammonium biphosphate;Ammonium dihydrogenorthophosphate;Ammonium dihydrophosphate;Ammonium monobasic phosphate;Ammonium primary phosphate;Monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate;Monoammonium hydrogen phosphate;Monoammonium phosphate;
- EINECS:
- 231-764-5
- Density:
- 1.02 g/mL at 20 °C
- Melting Point:
- 190 °C (dec.)(lit.)
- Boiling Point:
- 158 °C at 760 mmHg
- Solubility:
- H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C
- Appearance:
- white crystalline powder
- Hazard Symbols:
Xi- Risk Codes:
- 36/37/38
- Safety Description:
- 24/25-36-26 Details
- Transport Information:
- UN 3264
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Specification
Monoammonium phosphate is also known as Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) which is also its IUPAC name. It is a white tetragonal crystals with chemical formula NH4H2PO4. Its EINECS registry number is 231-764-5 and its CAS number is 7722-76-1. What's more, the substance is soluble in water which will melt at 190 °C. Monoammonium phosphate can be mixed with all water-soluble fertilisers, except for calcium fertilisers and concentrated magnesium solutions. It should be kept in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area and protected against physical damage. Monoammonium phosphate is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage.
Preparation: Monoammonium phosphate can be prepared by venturi cyclic reaction method. Firstly, you should dilute 85% thermal phosphoric acid to 1.3～1.4 times and then add into reactor where it mixed and reacted with ammonia.
H3PO4 + NH3 → NH4H2PO4
There also are neutralization method and multiple decomposite method in industrial production, but neutralization method is more commonly used. It will need phosphoric acid and aqueous ammonia.
H3PO4 + NH4OH → NH4H2PO4 + H2O
Uses: Monoammonium phosphate is often used in the blending of dry agricultural fertilizers. It is a widely used crystal in the field of optics due to its birefringence properties. The compound is also a component of the ABC powder in some dry chemical fire extinguishers. This substance is also supplied in an emerald green or aquamarine crystal growing box kit for kids.
When using Monoammonium phosphate, you should very cautious about it. This chemical may cause inflammation to the skin or other mucous membranes. It is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. In case of contact with eyes, you should rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. Whenever you will contact it, please wear suitable protective clothing
Descriptors computed from structure of Monoammonium phosphate:
(1)Canonical SMILES: [NH4+].OP(=O)(O)[O-]
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/H3N.H3O4P/c;1-5(2,3)4/h1H3;(H3,1,2,3,4)
(3)InChIKey: LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N