Francium
Francium General
Name:Francium | Symbol:Fr |
Type: Alkali Metal | Atomic weight:223 |
Density @ 293 K:1.873 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 71.07 cm3/mol |
Discovered:
Francium was discovered by Marguerite Perey in 1939 when examining the radioactive decay of 227actinium. Francium, which was named after France, completed humankind's discoveries of naturally occurring elements. All elements discovered thereafter have been produced synthetically. |
Francium States
State (s, l, g): solid | |
Melting point: 300 K (27 °C) | Boiling point:950 K (677 °C) |
Francium Energies
Specific heat capacity:J g-1 K-1 | Heat of atomization: 73 kJ mol-1 |
Heat of fusion:2 kJ mol-1 | Heat of vaporization : 64 kJ mol-1 |
1st ionization energy:384 kJ mol-1 | 2nd ionization energy:kJ mol-1 |
3rd ionization energy:kJ mol-1 | Electron affinity:kJ mol-1 |
Francium Oxidation & Electrons
Shells:2,8,18,32,18,8,1 | Electron configuration:[Rn] 7s1 |
Minimum oxidation number:0 | Maximum oxidation number:1 |
Min. common oxidation no.:0 | Max. common oxidation no.:1 |
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale):0.7 | Polarizability volume:48.7 Å3 |
Francium Appearance & Characteristics
Structure:believed to be bcc: body-centered cubic | Color:believed to be metallic |
Hardness:mohs | |
Harmful effects:
Francium is highly radioactive. |
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Characteristics:
Francium is a heavy, unstable, radioactive metal with a maximum half-life of only 22 minutes. It has a low melting point (27 °C, 81 °F) and, if enough of it could be accumulated, it would be liquid in a warm room. Uses: Commercially, there are no uses for francium, due to its rarity and instability. It is used for research purposes only. |
Francium Reactions
Reaction with air: | Reaction with 6 M HCl:vigorous, ⇒ H2, FrCl |
Reaction with 15 M HNO3: | Reaction with 6 M NaOH:vigorous, ⇒ H2, FrOH |
Francium Compounds
Oxide(s): | Chloride(s): |
Hydride(s): |
Francium Radius
Atomic radius:pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion):194 pm |
Ionic radius (2+ ion):pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion):pm |
Ionic radius (2- ion):pm | Ionic radius (1- ion):pm |
Francium Conductivity
Thermal conductivity:3.61 W m-1 K-1 | Electrical conductivity: x 10-6 S m-1 |
Francium Abundance & Isotopes
Abundance earth's crust:~ 0 parts per million, ~ 0 parts per million | |
Abundance solar system:~ 0 parts per billion by weight, ~ 0 parts per billion by moles | |
Cost, pure:$ per 100g | |
Cost, bulk: $ per 100g | |
Source:
Francium occurs naturally as a result of the alpha radioactive decay of actinium. |
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Isotopes:
Francium has 33 isotopes whose half-lives are known, with mass numbers 200 to 232. None are stable. 223Fr has the longest half-life at 21.8 minutes. |
Francium Other
Other:
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