Promethium
Promethium General
Name:Promethium | Symbol:Pm |
Type:Rare Earth, Lanthanides | Atomic weight:145 |
Density @ 293 K:6.475 g/cm3 | Atomic volume:22.39 cm3 /mol |
Discovered:
1945 |
Promethium States
State (s, l, g):solid | |
Melting point:1353.2 K | Boiling point:K |
Promethium Energies
Specific heat capacity:0.18 J/gK | Heat of atomization:301 kJ/mole atoms |
Heat of fusion: | Heat of vaporization : |
1st ionization energy:535.9 kJ/mole | 2nd ionization energy:1052 kJ/mole |
3rd ionization energy:2150 kJ/mole | Electron affinity:50 kJ/mole |
Promethium Oxidation & Electrons
Shells: 2,8,18,23,8,2 | Electron configuration:[Xe] 4f5 6s2 |
Minimum oxidation number:0 | Maximum oxidation number:3 |
Min. common oxidation no.:0 | Max. common oxidation no.:3 |
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale):1.15 | Polarizability volume:30.1 Å3 |
Promethium Appearance & Characteristics
Structure:cp: close packed (ABCB) | Color:silvery-white |
Hardness:mohs | |
Harmful effects:
|
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Characteristics:
Radioactive Uses: nuclear battery |
Promethium Reactions
Reaction with air:vigorous, => Pm2O3 | Reaction with 6 M HCl:mild, => H2, PmCl3 |
Reaction with 15 M HNO3:mild, => Pm(NO3)3 | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: |
Promethium Compounds
Oxide(s): Pm2O3 | Chloride(s): |
Hydride(s): |
Promethium Radius
Atomic radius:183 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion):pm |
Ionic radius (2+ ion):pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion):111 pm |
Ionic radius (2- ion):pm | Ionic radius (1- ion):pm |
Promethium Conductivity
Thermal conductivity:17.9 J/m-sec-deg | Electrical conductivity:1/mohm-cm |
Promethium Abundance & Isotopes
Abundance earth's crust:19.3 log | |
Abundance solar system: log | |
Cost, pure: $/100g | |
Cost, bulk:$/100g | |
Source:
Synthetic |
|
Isotopes:
0 |
Promethium Other
Other:
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