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Basic information

  • Name:

  • Salicylic acid

  • CAS No.:

  • 69-72-7

  • Formula:
  • C7H6O3
  • Synonyms:
  • SAX;Salicylic Acid(Medical);Salicylic Acid (technical grade);Salicylic Acid(natural);Dr. Scholls Corn Removers;o-Hydroxybenzoic acid;Freezone;Stri-Dex;Compound W;K 537;54-21-7;Phenol-2-carboxylic acid;2-Hydroxybenzenecarboxylic acid;Keralyt;2-Hydroxybenzoic acid;o-Carboxyphenol;Salicylic acid (TN);Dr. Scholls Callus Removers;Salicylic acid (6CI,8CI);Verrugon;Ionil;Kyselina 2-hydroxybenzoova [Czech];CPD-110;Clear away Wart Remover;Saligel;salicylate;2-Carboxyphenol;Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy- (9CI);Ionil Plus;Duoplant;benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-;

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Chemistry

Molecular Structure:

Molecular Formular: C7H6O3
Molecular Weight: 138.12 
 Salicylic Acid (CAS NO.69-72-7),also named as Retarder TSA,Acidum Salicylicum,AcetylSalisylic Acid IMP C, is a beta hydroxy acid (BHA), where the OH group is adjacent to the carboxyl group. It is colorless crystalline organic acid. It is derived from the metabolism of salicin. In addition to being a compound that is chemically similar  to the active component of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), it is probably best known for its use in anti-acne treatments. It is poorly soluble in water (0.2 g/100 ml H2O at 20°C).
EINECS: 200-712-3
Melting point:  158-161 °C
Boiling point:  211 °C
Flash point:  157 °C 
Density:  1.44
Vapor density:  4.8 (vs air)
Vapor pressure:  1 mm Hg ( 114 °C)
Refractive index:  1,565
Storage temp.:  Store at RT.
Solubility:  ethanol: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Water Solubility: 1.8 g/L (20 °C)
Sublimation:  70 °C

Uses

  Salicylic Acid (CAS NO.69-72-7) is mainly applicated for the pharmaceutical industry especially in the manufacture of antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic drugs.It's also used in dyes industrial  for azo direct dye and acidic mordant dyeing, and also for spices, etc.

Production

The manufacture of Salicylic Acid (CAS NO.69-72-7) follows carboxylation of sodium phenolate (Fig. 1). The sodium phenolate must be finely divided and exposed to the action of the carbon dioxide under pressure and heat in a heated ball mill reactor (Fig. 2). In the reactor at 130 °C and vacuum, the sodium phenolate is reduced to a very dry powder, after which the carbon dioxide is introduced under pressure (700 kPa) and temperature (100 °C) to form, first, sodium phenyl carbonate, which isomerizes to sodium salicylate.
This can be dissolved, out of the mill, and the salicylic acid decolorized by activated carbon and precipitated by addition of sulfuric acid, after which the salicylic acid is purified by sublimation.
To form aspirin, the salicylic acid is refluxed with acetic anhydride in toluene at 88 to 92 °C for 20 hours. The reaction mixture is then cooled in aluminum cooling tanks, and the acetylsalicylic acid precipitates as large crystals that are separated by filtration or by centrifugation, washed, and dried.

FIGURE 1 Chemistry of salicylic acid and aspirin production.

FIGURE 2 Manufacture of salicylic acid and aspmn.


 

Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
cat LD50 oral 400mg/kg (400mg/kg)   "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 148, 1959.
mammal (species unspecified) LC50 inhalation > 300mg/m3 (300mg/m3)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 57(7-8), Pg. 31, 1992.
man TDLo skin 57mg/kg (57mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: TINNITUS: EAR JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 244, Pg. 660, 1980.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 300mg/kg (300mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION		 Gendai no Rinsho. Vol. 3, Pg. 675, 1969.
mouse LD50 intravenous 184mg/kg (184mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 91, Pg. 550, 1971.
mouse LD50 oral 480mg/kg (480mg/kg)   "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 148, 1959.
mouse LD60 subcutaneous 520mg/kg (520mg/kg) CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS		 Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 38, Pg. 9, 1930.
rabbit LD50 oral 1300mg/kg (1300mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 291, 1982.
rabbit LD50 skin > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg)   BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 21-3/1971,
rabbit LDLo subcutaneous 6gm/kg (6000mg/kg)   "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1392, 1935.
rat LC50 inhalation > 900mg/m3/1H (900mg/m3)   BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 21-3/1971,
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 157mg/kg (157mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR		 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 57(7-8), Pg. 31, 1992.
rat LD50 oral 891mg/kg (891mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS		 BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. Vol. 21-3/1971,
rat LD50 skin > 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) LIVER: OTHER CHANGES

SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): HAIR: OTHER		 Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 15(Suppl,
women TDLo skin 111mg/kg/10D- (111mg/kg) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CHANGE IN ACUITY: EAR

CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP		 Postgraduate Medical Journal. Vol. 70, Pg. 146, 1994.

Safety Profile

Hazard Codes: Xn
Risk Statements:  22-41-36/37/38
22:  Harmful if swallowed 
41:  Risk of serious damage to eyes 
36/37/38:  Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
Safety Statements:  26-39-37/39-36
26:  In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 
39:  Wear eye/face protection 
37/39:  Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection 
36:  Wear suitable protective clothing
WGK Germany:  1
HS Code:  29182100

Specification

The chief derivative of Salicylic Acid (CAS NO.69-72-7), which is used as a drug, is the methyl acetyl ester, known as aspirin.

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