Roger David Kornberg (born April 24, 1947(1947-04-24)) is an American biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine. Kornberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 for his studies of the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA, "the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription."

His father, Arthur Kornberg, who was also a professor at Stanford University, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959.
Kornberg earned his bachelor's degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1967 and his Ph.D. in chemical physics from Stanford in 1972.

He has received the following awards:

1981: Eli Lilly Award
1982: Passano Award, Passano Foundation
1990: Ciba-Drew Award
1997: Harvey Prize from the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology
2000: Gairdner Foundation International Award
2001: Hope-Seyler Award, Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Germany
2001: Welch Award in Chemistry
2002: ASBMB-Merck Award
2002: Pasarow Award in Cancer Research
2002: Le Gran Prix Charles-Leopold Mayer
2003: Massry Prize
2005: General Motors Cancer Research Foundation’s Alfred P. Sloan Jr. Prize
2006: Dickson Prize, University of Pittsburgh
2006: Nobel Prize in Chemistry
2006: Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University