Vladimir Prelog (July 23, 1906–January 7, 1998) was a renowned Bosnian Croat chemist and received the 1975 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his works in the field of natural compounds and stereochemistry, sharing it with the Australian/British research chemist John Cornforth.

He graduated from the Czech Institute of Technology in Prague in 1929, receiving a degree as a chemical engineer. After gaining the Sc.D. in chemistry, he started to work in the private plant laboratory of G.J. Dríza in Prague, in charge of the production of rare chemicals that were not available on the market at that time.
In 1935, he was invited to join the Technical Faculty (Tehni?ki Fakultet) of the University of Zagreb, where he took the post of lecturer in organic chemistry.
In 1941, he accepted the invitation of Lavoslav Ru?i?ka and left for Zürich, Switzerland, to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH, or Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule).
Prelog was able to separate the chiral enantiomers of Tröger's base in 1944 by chromatography on an optically active substrate.
After Rui?ka's retirement in 1957, Prelog took over the organic chemistry laboratory where he expanded its activity to unusual areas: heterocyclic compounds, alkaloids, alicyclic compounds, and the isolation and study of biochemically active compounds found in smaller quantities in animal organisms.
Vladimir Prelog died in Zürich, at the age of 91.