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10024-97-2

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Basic Information
CAS No.: 10024-97-2
Name: NITROUS OXIDE
Article Data: 1290
Molecular Structure:
Molecular Structure of 10024-97-2 (NITROUS OXIDE)
Formula: N2O
Molecular Weight: 44.0134
Synonyms: Dinitrogenmonoxide;Dinitrogen oxide;Dinitrogen oxide (N2O);Factitious air;Hyponitrousacid anhydride;Laughing gas;Nitrous oxide;R 744A;? Nitrous oxide;
EINECS: 233-032-0
Density: 1.469 g/cm3
Melting Point: -91 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: -88 °C(lit.)
Solubility: 670,000 mg l-1
Appearance: Colourless gas with sweetish odour
Hazard Symbols: OxidizingO
Risk Codes: 8
Safety: 38
Transport Information: UN 1070 2.2
PSA: 54.46000
LogP: 0.06366
Synthetic route
7664-41-7

ammonia

A

7727-37-9

nitrogen

B

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

C

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In neat (no solvent) Fe-ZSM-5 catalyst prepared by ion exchange and heat-treated at 400, 425or 450 °C, 100 % NH3 conversion, 100 % N2 selectivity, 1000 ppm NH3 in 2 % O2-contg. He;A 100%
B 0%
C 0%
With catalyst:Fe-mordenite In neat (no solvent) Fe-mordenite catalyst prepared by ion exchange and heat-treated at 425 °C, 92 % NH3 conversion, 99 % N2 selectivity, 1000 ppm NH3 in 2 %O2-contg. He;A 92%
B n/a
C 0%
With catalyst:Fe-ZSM-5 In neat (no solvent) Fe-ZSM-5 catalyst prepared by ion exchange and heat-treated at 375 °C, 90 % NH3 conversion, 99 % N2 selectivity, 1000 ppm NH3 in 2 % O2-contg. He;A 90%
B n/a
C 0%

[Fe2(2,6-bis[[bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amino]methyl]-4-methylphenolato)(propionato)(NO)2](triflate)2

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With cobaltocene In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.0166667h; Kinetics; Time; Temperature; Concentration;100%
7664-41-7

ammonia

A

7727-37-9

nitrogen

B

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

C

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In neat (no solvent) Fe-mordenite catalyst prepared by ion exchange and heat-treated at 450 °C, 99 % NH3 conversion, 100 % N2 selectivity, 1000 ppm NH3 in 2 % O2-contg. He;A 99%
B 0%
C 0%
With oxygen; platinum high excess O2,500 °C;A <1
B n/a
C n/a
With oxygen; platinum at 300 °C;A n/a
B <9
C n/a
114581-86-1

[CuI(tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine)(CH3CN)]2+

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

A

133578-96-8

[Cu(tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine)(H2O)](2+)

B

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In water room temp., pH = 7.0; reaction followed by gas chromy.;A 99%
B n/a

ammonium nitrate

A

7727-37-9

nitrogen

B

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

C

10102-44-0

Nitrogen dioxide

D

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 220-260°C, nearly 98% N2O, 2% N2; troces of NO and NO2 (0.001%);A 2%
B n/a
C n/a
D 98%
1112-04-5

trifluoromethyldifluorophosphine

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

A

19162-94-8

Trifluormethylphosphonsaeuredifluorid

B

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
20°C (7 d); oxydation;A 98%
B n/a

[(copper(II)(tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine))2(μ-hyponitrite)](2+)

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

A

188637-84-5

[copper(I)(tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine)](1+)

B

[copper(II)(tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine)(nitrito)](1+)

C

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In tetrahydrofuran; methanol for 8h; Solvent; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;A 96%
B 85%
C 98%

{Cu2(NO)N6OC36H39}(2+)

tetrabutylammonium nitrite

A

{Cu2(O)N6OC36H39}(1+)*PF6(1-)={Cu2(O)N6OC36H39}PF6

B

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With P(C6H5)3 In not given byproducts: OP(C6H5)3; react. of 1 equiv. N(C4H9)4(NO2) with (Cu2(NO)N6OC36H39)(2+) in presence of P(C6H5)3 (1 equiv.);; elem. anal.;A 60%
B 97%
In not given byproducts: O2; react. of 1 equiv. N(C4H9)4(NO2) with (Cu2(NO)N6OC36H39)(2+);; elem. anal.;A 60%
B 79%
90065-16-0

Cu2(I)(C6H3(O)(CH2N(C2H4-2-pyridyl)2)2)(1+)

10102-43-9

nitrogen(II) oxide

A

{Cu2(O)N6OC36H39}(1+)*PF6(1-)={Cu2(O)N6OC36H39}PF6

B

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In dichloromethane exposure of (Cu2N6OC36H39)(1+) to NO(g) in CH2Cl2 at -80 °C, warming;;A 55%
B 96%

trans-hydroxotetraamminenitrosoruthenium(II)

7697-37-2

nitric acid

trans-tetraamminenitratonitrosoruthenium(III) nitrate

B

7732-18-5

water

C

10102-44-0

Nitrogen dioxide

D

2696-92-6

nitrosylchloride

E

10024-97-2

dinitrogen monoxide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In nitric acid byproducts: Cl2; to Ru complex was added concd. HNO3; mixt. heated under reflux for 5 min; cooled to room temp.; ppt. filtered off; washed (water, alc., ether); dried (vac.); recrystd. (aq. HNO3); elem. anal.;A 95%
B n/a
C n/a
D n/a
E n/a
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Chemistry


IUPAC Name: Nitrous oxide
Molecular formula: N2O
Molar mass: 44.01
EINECS: 233-032-0
Appearance: colorless gas 
Index of Refraction: 1.469
Molar Refractivity: 8.35 cm3
Molar Volume: 29.9 cm3
Surface Tension: 70.7 dyne/cm
Density: 1.46 g/cm3
Melting point: -90.86 °C (182.29 K)
Boiling point: -88.48 °C (184.67 K)
Solubility in water: 0.15 g/100 ml (15 °C) 
Stability: Oxidant, strongly supports combustion. May react violently with some materials. Thermal decomposition yields toxic products. Incompatible with aluminium, boron oxides, hydrazine, strong reducing agents.
log P: 0.35
Vapor pressure: 5150 kPa (20 °C)
Classification Code of Nitrous oxide (CAS NO.10024-97-2): Analgesics; Analgesics, non-narcotic; Anesthetic [inhalation]; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, General; Anesthetics, inhalation; Central Nervous System Agents; Central Nervous System Depressants; Human Data; Mutation data; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Reproductive Effect; Sensory System Agents; Tumor data

History

In the year 1775, Nitrous oxide (CAS NO.10024-97-2) was first synthesized by English chemist and natural philosopher Joseph Priestley,who called it phlogisticated nitrous air. Priestley describes the preparation of "nitrous air diminished" by heating iron filings dampened with nitric acid in Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air (1775).
Humphry Davy in the 1790s tested the gas on himself and some of his friends, including the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. They realized that Nitrous oxide (CAS NO.10024-97-2) considerably dulled the sensation of pain, even if the inhaler were still semi-conscious. After it was publicized extensively by Gardner Quincy Colton in the United States in the 1840s, it came into use as an anaesthetic, particularly by dentists, who do not typically have access to the services of an anesthesiologist and who may benefit from a patient who can respond to verbal commands.

Uses

 Nitrous oxide (CAS NO.10024-97-2) is used in surgery and dentistry for its anesthetic and analgesic effects. It is also used as an oxidizer in rocketry and in motor racing to increase the power output of engines.

Production

Nitrous oxide(10024-97-2) is manufactured by heating very pure ammonium nitrate to 200 to 260 °C in aluminum retorts,
             NH4NO3 → N2O + 2H2
It is purified by treatment with caustic to remove nitric acid and with dichromate to remove nitric oxide.

Toxicity Data With Reference

1.    

sln-dmg-ihl 99 pph/6M-C

    ENVRAL    Environmental Research. 7 (1974),286.
2.    

dni-rat-ihl 75,000 ppm/24H AACRAT 62,738,83

3.    

ihl-hmn TDLo:24 mg/kg/2H:CNS,CVS,MET

    BJANAD    British Journal of Anesthesia. 35 (1963),631.
4.    

ihl-rat LC50:160 mg/m3/6H

    GISAAA    Gigiena i Sanitariya. 50 (4)(1985),89.
5.    

ihl-rat TCLo:30 mg/m3/6H/61D-I

    GISAAA    Gigiena i Sanitariya. 50 (4)(1985),89.
6.    

ihl-rat TCLo:14 mg/m3/6H/17W-I

    GISAAA    Gigiena i Sanitariya. 50 (4)(1985),89.
7.    

ihl-mus TCLo:50 ppm/6H/13W-I

    TXCYAC    Toxicology. 6 (1990),57.

 

Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: general anesthetic, decreased pulse rate without blood pressure fall, and body temperature decrease. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. An asphyxiant. Does not burn but is flammable by chemical reaction and supports combustion. Moderate explosion hazard; it can form an explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with Al, B, hydrazine, LiH, LiC6H5, PH3, Na, tungsten carbide. Also self-explodes at high temperatures.
Hazard Codes:OxidizingO
Risk Statements: 8
R8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire
Safety Statements: 38
S38: In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment
F: 4.5-31: Do not heat over 50 °C. Do not puncture.
RIDADR: UN 1070 2.2
WGK Germany: 1
HazardClass: 2.2
RTECS: QX1350000

Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: OSHA PEL (Shipyard): Simple asphyxiant-inert gas and vapor
ACGIH TLV: 50 ppm; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 100 ppm (180 mg/m3)
NIOSH REL: (Waste Anesthetic Gases and Vapors) TWA 25 ppm
DOT Classification:  2.2; Label: Nonflammable Gas

Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Nitrous Oxide (Field-Readable), 6600.

Specification

 Nitrous oxide (CAS NO.10024-97-2), its Synonyms are Dinitrogen monoxide ; Dinitrogen oxide ; Hyponitrous acid anhydride ; Laughing gas ; Nitrogen hypoxide ; Nitrogen monoxide ; Nitrous oxide, compressed ; Nitrous oxide, refrigerated liquid ; Oxido nitroso . It is a colorless non-flammable gas, with a pleasant, slightly sweet odor and taste.