Detail of "10051-44-2"

Reference

Increased alkaline phosphatase activity in HeLa cells mediated by aliphatic monocarboxylates and inhibitors of DNA synthesis

Increased alkaline phosphatase activity in HeLa cells mediated by aliphatic monocarboxylates and inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Deutsch, Stephen I.; Ghosh, Nimai K.; Cox, Rody P. (Dep. Med., New York Univ. Med. Cent., New York, N. Y., USA). Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 499(3), 382-91 (English) 1977. CODEN: BBACAQ. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 3 (Biochemical Interactions) Section cross-reference(s): 1 Alk. phosphatase [9001-78-9] activity of HeLa cells was increased by 3-8-fold during growth in medium contg. certain aliph. monocarboxylates. Na butyrate [156-54-7] was the most effective inducer with Na propionate [137-40-6], Na pentanoate [6106-41-8], and Na hexanoate [10051-44-2] having lesser effects. Other straight-chain aliph. monocarboxylates, branched-chain analogs of inducers, hydroxylated derivs., and metabolites structurally related to butyrate were ineffective in mediating an increase in enzyme activity, indicating stringent structural requirements for inducers. The kinetics of increase in alk. phosphatase activity in HeLa cells showed a 20-30 h lag period after adding the aliph. acid followed by a rapid linear increase of enzyme activity. Protein synthesis was required for induction. The isozyme of HeLa alk. phosphatase induced by monocarboxylates was the carcinoplacental form of the enzyme as detd. by stereospecific inhibition of the L-enantiomorphs of phenylalanine and tryptophan, heat stability, and immunoreactivity with antibody against the human placental enzyme. Monocarboxylates that mediate increased alk. phosphatase activity inhibited HeLa cell multiplication. Three different inhibitors of DNA synthesis, hydroxyurea [127-07-1], b-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine [147-94-4], and methotrexate [59-05-2], also increased alk. phosphatase activity. These inhibitors were synergistic with butyrate in causing HeLa cells to assume a more spindle-like shape and in producing an up-to 25-fold increase of enzyme activity. Studies on the modulation of carcinoplacental alk. phosphatase by monocarboxylates commonly used as antimicrobial food additives and by antineoplastic agents may provide methods for evoking tumor markers of human occult malignancies.

Modified toxicity of 2,4-D on leaves of rape

Modified toxicity of 2,4-D on leaves of rape. Wheeler, A. W.; Lord, K. A. (Rothamsted Exp. Stn., Harpenden/Herts. AL5 2JQ, UK). Tests Agrochem. Cultiv., 4, 82-3 (English) 1983. CODEN: TACUDC. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) Section cross-reference(s): 4 The main effect of 2,4-D [94-75-7] was to prevent development of young rape leaves; the treated leaf, although showing damage, often survived longest. The toxicity of 2,4-D therefore depended on uptake by the treated leaf, movement to developing leaves, and sensitivity of developing tissues. Additives were tested at 2 doses (1 and 5 mmol per leaf). When tested alone, additives generally had little effect on leaf survival, but ammonium hexanoate [32582-93-7] killed rape seedlings. Most of the amines tested increased toxicity of 2,4-D, shown as a decrease in no. of leaves surviving. Glycine [56-40-6] and its N-Me derivs. were among the most effective compds. The ammonium salts of fatty acids increased the toxicity of 2,4-D, whereas Na salts generally diminished its effect with the exception of Na hexanoate [10051-44-2] which increased toxicity. This could result from the toxicity of hexanoic acid itself.