Reference

Effects of incremental dietary chromium (Cr3+) on growth, hormone concentrations and glucose clearance in growing goats (Capra hircus)

All Rights Reserved. Effects of incremental dietary chromium (Cr3+) on growth, hormone concentrations and glucose clearance in growing goats (Capra hircus). Haldar, S.; Ghosh, T. K.; Pakhira, M. C.; De, K. (Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India). Journal of Agricultural Science, 144(3), 269-280 (English) 2006 Cambridge University Press. CODEN: JASIAB. ISSN: 0021-8596. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 18 (Animal Nutrition) Section cross-reference(s): 2, 13 Castrated male black Bengal kids were supplemented daily with 0, 0×5, 1×0, 1×5 and 2×0 mg chromium (Cr3+ as chromic chloride hexahydrate) for 150 days. Metabolic stresses such as a feeding challenge, an i.v. glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and a short-term (72 h) feed deprivation were imposed on the animals to ascertain if supplemental Cr could alleviate these stresses and whether the stress-alleviating effect could provide an explanatory basis for the performance traits of the supplemented animals. The kids were fed with a conc. diet contg. 0×197 mg Cr/kg DM. DM intake (g/kgw0×75) was lower (P=0×006) in the 0×5 and 1×5 mg groups. Feed efficiency tended (P=0×086) to improve in the Cr-supplemented kids, although a distinct dose response was absent. Basal serum T3 increased linearly (P=0×01) with increased dose of Cr although the post-prandial change did not follow any definite trend. Basal serum insulin increased (P=0×001) linearly while the post-prandial increment was higher (P=0×037) in the control group. The IVGTT indicated that the kids supplemented with 1×5 mg Cr had significantly (P<0×05) higher serum clearance rate and lower half-life for insulin. Serum Cr during the IVGTT declined (P<0×05) until 45 m after glucose infusion and then increased again (P<0×10) at 60 m in the 0×5 and 1×5 mg groups although in the rest of the exptl. groups serum Cr was stable during the entire course of the IVGTT. The body wts. at the beginning of the fast were higher (P=0×036) in the kids supplemented with 0×5 and 1×5 mg Cr. However, the change in body wt. at the end of the 72 h fast did not vary (P>0×10) between the groups. Cr supplementation reduced (P<0×05) serum cortisol level in the supplemented animals consistently throughout the duration of the feed deprivation. Moreover, as the fast progressed serum cortisol tended to increase (P=0×059) in all the exptl. groups irresp.In this experiment, several chemicals are used like 50-99-7 and 10060-12-5 of the level of Cr supplementation. It was concluded that inorg. Cr supplementation might appreciably increase serum T3 concn. and reduce the level of cortisol which might augment animal productivity. However, further research with a more sensitive design is required to establish the exact level of Cr supplementation for enhancing performance of livestock. .

Development and evaluation of crosslinker in polymer flood in enhanced oil recovery

Development and evaluation of crosslinker in polymer flood in enhanced oil recovery. Hu, You-lin; Xiang, Xing-jin (College of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Peop. Rep. China). Huaxue Yu Shengwu Gongcheng, 21(4), 46-47 (Chinese) 2004 Huaxue Yu Shengwu Gongcheng Bianjibu. CODEN: HYSGAF. ISSN: 1672-5425. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 51 (Fossil Fuels, Derivatives, and Related Products) The effect on gelation time of water, temp. 10060-12-5 and 9003-05-8 which are cas registry numbers are also used here., pH value, the concn. of chromium chloride hexahydrate crosslinking agent have been studied. The paper esp. discussed how pH value, the concn. of crosslink affect the viscosity of HPAM polymer soln. at 80°C. This is esp. useful when polymer flood is used in enhanced oil recovery. .