10099-74-8

The molecular structure of Lead dinitrate (CAS NO.10099-74-8):

IUPAC Name: Lead(2+) dinitrate 
Molecular Weight: 331.2098 g/mol
Molecular Formula: N₂O₆Pb 
Density: 1.00 g/mL at 20 °C
Melting Point: 470 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 37.72 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 83 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 49.8 mmHg at 25 °C 
Water Solubility: 343 g/L
Sensitive: hygroscopic
H-Bond Acceptor: 6
Exact Mass: 331.952272
MonoIsotopic Mass: 331.952272
Topological Polar Surface Area: 132
Heavy Atom Count: 9
Canonical SMILES: [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Pb+2]
InChI: InChI=1S/2NO3.Pb/c2*2-1(3)4;/q2*-1;+2
InChIKey: RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS: 233-245-9
Product Categories: Inorganics; ACS GradeChemical Synthesis; Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry; Essential Chemicals; Lead; Routine Reagents; Analytical Reagents for General Use; E-L, Puriss p.a. ACS; Puriss p.a. ACS; Lead Salts; Metal and Ceramic Science; Salts; 2000/60/EC; Alphabetic; Application CRMs; European Community: ISO and DIN; ICP CRMsAnalytical Standards; ICP-OES/-MS; ICPSpectroscopy; LSpectroscopy

 Lead dinitrate has been produced as a raw material for the production of colored pigments in lead paints, such as chrome yellow (lead(II) chromate), chrome orange (lead(II) hydroxide chromate) and similar lead compounds since the Middle Ages.  The German alchemist Andreas Libavius first described the compound in 1597, coining the medieval names of plumb dulcis and calx plumb dulcis, meaning "sweet lead", because of its taste. Although originally not understood during the following centuries, the decrepitation property of Lead dinitrate led to its use in matches and special explosives such as lead azide.The production process was and still is chemically straightforward, effectively dissolving lead in aqua fortis (nitric acid), and subsequently harvesting the precipitate. However, the production remained small-scale for many centuries, and the commercial production of Lead dinitrate as raw material for the manufacture of other lead compounds was not reported until 1835. The U.S. consumption of lead compounds, excluding pigments and gasoline additives, was 642 tons in 1974.

 Lead dinitrate (CAS NO.10099-74-8) is used as a heat stabiliser in nylon and polyesters, as a coating for photothermographic paper, and in rodenticides. It provides one of two convenient and reliable sources of dinitrogen tetroxide on a laboratory scale. In organic chemistry, Lead dinitrate has been used as an oxidant, for example as an alternative to the Sommelet reaction for oxidation of benzylic halides to aldehydes. It has also found use in the preparation of isothiocyanates from dithiocarbamates. Because of its toxicity it has largely fallen out of favour, but it still finds occasional use, for example as a bromide scavenger during SN1 substitution.

 Lead dinitrate can be made by dissolving metallic lead in aqueous nitric acid:
3 Pb (s) + 8 H+ (aq) + 2 NO^3- (aq) → 3 Pb²⁺ (aq) + 2 NO (g) + 4 H₂O (l)
More commonly, Lead dinitrate is obtained by dissolving lead(II) oxide, which is readily available as a mineral, in aqueous nitric acid:
PbO (s) + 2 H+ (aq) → Pb²⁺ (aq) + H₂O (l)

IARC Cancer Review: Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 23 , 1980,p. 325.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Lead and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

Hazard Codes: O, T, N, Xi
Risk Statements: 61-8-20/22-33-50/53-62-52/53-36/38-51/53 
R61:May cause harm to the unborn child. 
R8 :Contact with combustible material may cause fire. 
R20/22:Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. 
R33:Danger of cumulative effects. 
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R62:Risk of impaired fertility. 
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin. 
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Statements: 53-45-60-61-17-26-36/37 
S53:Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. 
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. 
R17:Spontaneously flammable in air. 
R26:Very toxic by inhalation. 
R36/37:Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
RIDADR: UN 1469 5.1/PG 2
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: OG2100000
TSCA: Yes
HazardClass: 5.1
PackingGroup: II
Poison by intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen. Probably a severe eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Mutation data reported. A powerful oxidizer. Explodes on contact with red-hot carbon, cyclopentadienylsodium (at 100–130°C), potassium acetate + heat. Reacts violently with ammonium thiocyanate, carbon, lead hypophosphite. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Pb and NO_x. Used as a mordant, a chemical reagent, and in production of matches and pyrotechnics. See also LEAD COMPOUNDS and NITRATES.

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.05 mg(Pb)/m³
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.15 mg(Pb)/m³
NIOSH REL: (Inorganic Lead) TWA 0.10 mg(Pb)/m³
DOT Classification:  5.1; Label: Oxidizer, Poison

 Lead dinitrate (CAS NO.10099-74-8) is also named as CCRIS 1945 ; HSDB 637 ; Lead nitrate ; Lead nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) ; Lead(2+) nitrate ; Lead(II) nitrate ; Lead(II) nitrate (1:2) ; Nitrate de plomb ; Nitrate de plomb [French] ; Nitric acid, lead(2+) salt ; Plumbous nitrate . Lead dinitrate (CAS NO.10099-74-8) is white crystals. It is soluble in water. Lead dinitrate is noncombustible but it will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. If large quantities of Lead dinitrate are involved in the fire an explosion may result. Prolonged exposure of the material to fire or heat may result in an explosion. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires involving Lead dinitrate. Mixtures of metal/nonmetal nitrates with alkyl esters may explode because of the formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures of nitrate with phosphorus, tin (II) chloride or other reducing agents may react explosively. An explosion of guanidine nitrate demolished an autoclave built to withstand 50 atmospheres, in which Lead dinitrate was being made from ammonium thiocyanate and Lead dinitrate . Early symptoms of lead intoxicatin via inhalation or ingestion are most commonly gastrointestinal disorders, colic, constipation, etc.; weakness, which may go on to paralysis, chiefly of the extensor muscles of the wrists and less often the ankles, is noticeable in the most serious cases. Contact with eyes causes irritation.