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| CAS No.: | 107-16-4 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Glycolonitrile |
| Article Data: | 68 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | C2H3NO |
| Molecular Weight: | 57.0519 |
| Synonyms: | Acetonitrile,hydroxy- (9CI);Glycolonitrile (6CI,7CI,8CI);2-Hydroxyacetonitrile;Cyanomethanol;Cyanomethyl alcohol;Formaldehyde, cyanohydrin;Glycolicnitrile;Glyconitrile;Hydroxyacetonitrile;Hydroxymethyl cyanide;Hydroxymethylnitrile;NSC 1790; |
| EINECS: | 203-469-1 |
| Density: | 1.087 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | -72 °C |
| Boiling Point: | 183 ºC |
| Flash Point: | 133 ºF |
| Solubility: | Water soluble |
| Appearance: | clear to pale yellow liquid |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 T+
|
| Risk Codes: | 26/27/28 |
| Safety: | 36/37/39-45 |
| Transport Information: | UN 3276 |
| PSA: | 44.02000 |
| LogP: | -0.49772 |
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Consensus Reports
EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. Cyanide and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.
Standards and Recommendations
NIOSH REL: (Nitriles) CL 5 mg/m3/15M
Specification
The Glycolonitrile with CAS registry number of 107-16-4 is also known as Acetonitrile, hydroxy-. The IUPAC name is 2-Hydroxyacetonitrile. Its EINECS registry number is 203-469-1. In addition, the formula is C2H3NO and the molecular weight is 57.05. This chemical is a clear to pale yellow liquid. It is the simplest cyanohydrin and it is derived from formaldehyde.
Physical properties about Glycolonitrile are: (1)ACD/LogP: -0.843; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -0.84; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -0.84; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 8.29; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 8.29; (8)#H bond acceptors: 2; (9)#H bond donors: 1; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.402; (12)Molar Refractivity: 12.763 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 52.438 cm3; (14)Polarizability: 5.06 10-24cm3; (15)Surface Tension: 46.2509994506836 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.088 g/cm3; (17)Flash Point: 78.078 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 51.387 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 205.491 °C at 760 mmHg; (20)Vapour Pressure: 0.0590000003576279 mmHg at 25°C
Preparation of Glycolonitrile: it is prepared by reaction of formaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid. The reaction occurs with catalyst.
HCHO+HCN→HOCH2CN
Uses of Glycolonitrile: it is used as organic chemical. Besides, it also can be used as intermediate, such as intermediates of glycine, malononitrile and indigo dyes. The chemical can be used to polymerize an amine under alkaline conditions above pH 7.0. Arrhenius et al. and the mechanism for polymerization is proposed as follows.
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it. As a chemical, it is very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Duing using it, wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1. Canonical SMILES: C(C#N)O
2. InChI: InChI=1S/C2H3NO/c3-1-2-4/h4H,2H2
3. InChIKey: LTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mouse | LCLo | inhalation | 27ppm/8H (27ppm) | BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969. |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 3mg/kg (3mg/kg) | Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin und Arbeitsschutz. Vol. 19, Pg. 225, 1969. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969. | |
| mouse | LDLo | subcutaneous | 15mg/kg (15mg/kg) | Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 12, Pg. 447, 1904. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) | SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): PRIMARY IRRITATION: AFTER TOPICAL EXPOSURE | American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 23, Pg. 95, 1962. |
| rabbit | LDLo | ocular | 13mg/kg (13mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: COMA | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969. |
| rat | LCLo | inhalation | 27ppm/8H (27ppm) | BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 290, 1969. |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 8mg/kg (8mg/kg) | Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin und Arbeitsschutz. Vol. 19, Pg. 225, 1969. |