Reference

Effects of nitrogen compounds on deposit formation during synfuel storage

Frankenfeld, John W.; Taylor, William F. (Exxon Res. Eng. Co., Linden, NJ 07036, USA). Prepr. Pap. - Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem., 23(4), 205-14 (English) 1978. CODEN: ACFPAI. ISSN: 0569-3772. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 51 (Fossil Fuels, Derivatives, and Related Products) Section cross-reference(s): 23, 28 The effects of storage conditions on the stability of purified decane contg. various org. N compds. were studied exptl. to gain information related to the stability of synthetic fuels (e.g., shale oil) that contain relatively large amts. of N compds. Prolonged storage tests (￡60 days) were carried out with decane [124-18-5] solns. (2000 ppm N content) of the following N compds.: 2,5-dimethylpyrrole (I) [625-84-3], indole [120-72-9], carbazole [86-74-8], 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine [108-75-8], quinoline [91-22-5], 2,6-dimethylaniline [87-62-7], hexylamine [111-26-2], methylcyclohexylamine [100-60-7], 2-methylpiperidine [109-05-7], and caproamide [628-02-4]. Only the 1st 3 compds., which are pyrrole-type compds., produced significant amts. of sediment, with I giving the largest amt. The formation of sediment in I-contg. decane was accelerated by sunlight and UV irradn. and by the presence of decanoic acid [334-48-5] or cyclohexanecarboxylic acid [98-89-5] (at 500 ppm O concn.). Phenols inhibited sediment formation, with 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol [128-39-2] being the most effective of those tested. Based on elemental analyses, IR spectra, and mass spectra the sediments produced by I are apparently low-to-medium mol. wt. oligomers consisting of partially oxidized repeating units of the compd.

Proton NMR study of the rate of anionic polymerization of chloral

Proton NMR study of the rate of anionic polymerization of chloral. Hatada, K.; Corley, L. S.; Vezirov, Sh. S.; Vogl, Otto (Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass., USA). Vysokomol. Soedin., Ser. A, 19(9), 1987-93 (Russian) 1977. CODEN: VYSAAF. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 35 (Synthetic High Polymers) The title method was used for investigation of the initiation mechanism and for detn. of the overall rate of polymn. of chloral (I) [75-87-6] in the presence of Ph3P [603-35-0]-tert-BuOLi [1907-33-1], Bu4NCl [1112-67-0], pyridine [110-86-1], and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine [108-75-8] catalysts. The initiating species were prepd. from I and the catalysts above the threshold temp. of I polymn. (70.degree.), and the polymn. of I was conducted at 0.degree.. A decrease in the polymn. rate obsd. in all cases at conversions >40-50% was ascribed to increasing importance of diffusion in controlling the reaction rate.