Detail of "109889-09-0"

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Cisplatin-evoked induction of c-fos protein in the brainstem of the ferret: the effect of cervical vagotomy and the anti-emetic 5-HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron (BRL 43694)

Cisplatin-evoked induction of c-fos protein in the brainstem of the ferret: the effect of cervical vagotomy and the anti-emetic 5-HT3 receptor antagonist granisetron (BRL 43694). Reynolds, D. J. M.; Barber, N. A.; Grahame-Smith, D. G.; Leslie, R. A. (Dep. Clin.-Pharmacol., Univ. Oxford, Oxford, UK). Brain Res., 565(2), 231-6 (English) 1991. CODEN: BRREAP. ISSN: 0006-8993. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) The expression of c-fos protein in the medulla oblongata of the ferret was monitored using immunocytochem. to identify the brainstem pathways involved in the mediation of nausea and vomiting caused by the antineoplastic drug cisplatin. Cisplatin administration resulted in c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the area postrema, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and in scattered cells within the ependymal lining of the fourth ventricle. Unilateral cervical vagotomy greatly reduced FLI in the ipsilateral nucleus of the solitary tract but did not significantly affect reactivity in the contralateral solitary tract nucleus or in the area postrema. Pretreatment of the animals with the 5-HT3 antagonist granisetron (BRL 43694) abolished the retching and vomiting caused by cisplatin and markedly reduced the cisplatin-evoked FLI in the nucleus of the solitary tract; treatment with this drug had no significant effect on cisplatin-evoked FLI in the area postrema. The results suggest that cisplatin induces c-fos gene expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract by an action involving vagal afferent pathways and also by a vagally independent, direct action on the area postrema. The anti-emetic 5-HT3 antagonist drug granisetron mimicked the effect of vagotomy on c-fos protein induction suggesting that it may act via 5-HT3 receptors known to be assocd. 15663-27-1 and 109889-09-0 which are cas registry numbers of substances are two of reagents here. with vagal afferent terminals. The FLI seen in the area postrema was neither vagally dependent nor was it abolished by granisetron. FLI in the area postrema may reflect some vagus nerve activity but also a direct action of cisplatin on the chemoreceptor trigger zone for vomiting which is considered to be in the area postrema, and may represent a central site of action for cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting. On the other hand, the observation that ependymal cells also show FLI following cisplatin administration raises the possibility that some c-fos protein induction in the area postrema arises from an action of cisplatin, such as DNA damage, which may not be directly assocd. with its emetic properties. .

The effects of g-radiation on intestinal motor activity and fecal pellet expulsion in the guinea pig

The effects of g-radiation on intestinal motor activity and fecal pellet expulsion in the guinea pig. Krantis, A.; Rana, K.; Harding, R. K. (Digestive Diseases Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Can.). Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 41(12), 2307-2316 (English) 1996 Plenum. CODEN: DDSCDJ. ISSN: 0163-2116. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 8 (Radiation Biochemistry) The effects of whole-body g-radiation (10 Gy) on intestinal motor activity was examd. in the small and large intestine of the guinea pig 18 h post irradn. Neurally mediated relaxations of isolated gut bath prepns. were generally unaffected. However, the contractile responses to direct smooth muscle stimulation with the cholinergic muscarinic agonist carbachol or ganglionic stimulation of intrinsic cholinergic motor neurons were significantly increased in the duodenum and colon but not the jejunum. This increased sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation was reflected in an increased contractility and a shift in the concn.-response curves for carbachol. The specificity of radiation actions for cholinergic mediated contractions was further supported by the observation that histamine-evoked contractions were unaffected. In a second series of expts. the authors examd. the effects of g-radiation on the rate of pellet expulsion from freshly excised colons. Both colons from irradiated animals and nonirradiated colons exposed to carbachol showed significantly faster rates of pellet expulsion, indicative of increased propulsive motility. Pretreatment of animals with 0.There are some commonly used reagents with their cas registry numbers 109889-09-0 and 51-83-2 in this article.5 mg/kg s.c. of the 5HT3 receptor antagonist Granisetron prevented the effect of radiation and reduced the pellet expulsion rate to below normal. These results indicate that gastrointestinal motility disturbances seen in organ-bath prepns. of the intestine from rats exposed to whole-body g-radiation may be related to an increased sensitivity of the cholinergic muscarinic system. .