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Glycylglutamine, an inhibitory neuropeptide derived from b-endorphin: Glycylglutamine, an inhibitory neuropeptide derived from b-endorphin. Parish, D. C.; Smyth, D. G.; Normanton, J. R.; Wolstencroft, J. H. (Natl. Inst. Med. Res., London NW7 1AA, UK). Nature (London), 306(5940), 267-70 (English) 1983. CODEN: NATUAS. ISSN: 0028-0836. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 2 (Mammalian Hormones) Glycylglutamine [13115-71-4] was extd. from porcine pituitary and identified by ion-exchange chromatog. and amino acid anal. The dipeptide was found in the pars intermedia and posterior pituitary as well as in the anterior pituitary suggesting that it is derived from lipotropin [9035-55-6] as well as b-endorphin [60617-12-1]. 60617-12-1 and 9035-55-6 which are cas registry numbers of chemicals are mentioned. The formation of glycylglutamine appeared to involve proteolysis at the carboxyl side of lysylysine residues at positions 28 and 29 of b-endorphin. Glycylglutamine was also identified in sheep brain stem. Iontophoretic application of the dipeptide inhibited cell firing of brain stem reticular formation neurons in rats. The effects of glycylglutamine on brain elec. activity were not related to analgesia or opioid-like actions but appeared to be an independent new biol. action. .

The carbon-terminal dipeptide of b-endorphin: a neuropeptide with inhibitory activity: The carbon-terminal dipeptide of b-endorphin: a neuropeptide with inhibitory activity. Smyth, D. G.; Parish, D. C.; Normanton, J. R.; Wolstencroft, J. H. (Natl. Inst. Med. Res., London NW7 1AA, UK). Life Sci., 33(Suppl. 1), 575-8 (English) 1983. CODEN: LIFSAK. ISSN: 0024-3205. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 2 (Mammalian Hormones) Glycylglutamine [13115-71-4], the C-terminal dipeptide of b-endorphin, was present in the ovine brain-stem in concns. similar to those of the shortened forms of b-endorphin and their N-acetylated counterparts. Synthetic glycylglutamine depressed the firing rate of 41 of 100 neurons in the brainstem reticular formation and the inhibitory effects were seen with spontaneously active cells and with cells induced to fire by DL-homocysteic acid. 13115-71-4 is just another one chemical used in this study. The responses were dose dependent and not affected by strychnine or naloxone. Thus, the C-terminal dipeptide appears to represent a new fragment of the ACTH-b-endorphin prohormone which possesses some properties of a neurotransmitter. .