Detail of "16940-81-1"

Reference

Process for preparation of diphenylmethane

Cai, Qinghai; Cui, Shuhan; Lu, Pin; Li, Xuemei; Hou, Lijie (Harbin Normal University, Peop. Rep. China). Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1876609 A 13 Dec 2006, 7pp. (Chinese). (People's Republic of China). CODEN: CNXXEV. APPLICATION: CN 2010-10070 7 Jun 2005. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 25 (Benzene, Its Derivatives, and Condensed Benzenoid Compounds) The method comprises reacting benzene and benzyl chloride in the presence of catalyst of R1R2R3N·HX/MaXb, R1R2IMX/MaXb, or RPyX/MaXb [wherein R1, R2, R4 and R = independently alkyl or aryl; HX = org. acid or inorg. acid; MaXb = inorg. acid salt or org. acid salt; IM = imidazole; Py = pyridine; X = SO42-, Cl-, F-, Br-, BF4-, PF6-, HCOO-, CH3COO-, CF3COO-, or oxalate; M = K, Na, Al, Fe, Cu, Zn, or Sn] at 25-50°C. The inorg. acid comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, tetrafluoboric acid, and hexafluorophosphoric acid; the org. acid comprises formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and oxalic acid. 144-62-7 and 16940-81-1 are just another two chemicals used in this study. Title method with simple post treatment has high raw material conversion rate of 100%, product yield of 100%, and improved economic performance, which also is environmentally friendly. .

Proton hydration in aqueous solution: Fourier transform infrared studies of HDO spectra

All Rights Reserved. Proton hydration in aqueous solution: Fourier transform infrared studies of HDO spectra. Smiechowski, Maciej; Stangret, Janusz (Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk 80-952, Pol.). Journal of Chemical Physics, 125(20), 204508/1-204508/14 (English) 2006 American Institute of Physics. CODEN: JCPSA6. ISSN: 0021-9606. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 68 (Phase Equilibriums, Chemical Equilibriums, and Solutions) Section cross-reference(s): 69, 73 This paper attempts to elucidate the no. and nature of the hydration spheres around the proton in an aq. soln. This phenomenon was studied in aq. solns. of selected acids by means of Fourier transform IR spectroscopy of semiheavy water (HDO), isotopically dild. in H2O. The quant. version of difference spectrum procedure was applied for the first time to investigate such systems. It allowed removal of bulk water contribution and sepn. of the spectra of solute-affected HDO. The obtained spectral data were confronted with ab initio calcd. structures of small gas-phase and polarizable continuum model (PCM) solvated aq. clusters, H+(H2O)n, n = 2-8, in order to help in establishing the structural and energetic states of the consecutive hydration spheres of the hydrated proton. This was achieved by comparison of the calcd. optimal geometries with the interat. distances derived from HDO band positions. The structure of proton hydration shells outside the first hydration sphere essentially follows the model structure of other hydrated cations, previously revealed by affected HDO spectra. The first hydration sphere complex in dild. aq. solns. was identified as an asym. variant of the regular Zundel cation [The Hydrogen Bond: Recent Developments in Theory and Expts., edited by P. Schuster, G. Zundel, and C. Sandorfy (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1976), Vol. II, p. 683], intermediate between the ideal Zundel and Eigen structures [E. Wicke et al., Z. Phys. Chem. Neue Folge 1, 340 (1954)]. Evidence was found for the existence of strong and short hydrogen bonds, with oxygen-oxygen distance derived from the exptl. affected spectra equal 2.435 A on av. and in the PCM calcns. about 2.41-2. 16940-81-1 and 7647-01-0 are just another two chemicals used in this study.44 A. It was also evidenced for the first time that the proton possesses four well-defined hydration spheres, which were characterized in terms of hydrogen bonds' lengths and arrangements. Addnl., an outer hydration layer, shared with the anion, as well as loosely bound water mols. interacting with free electron pairs of the central complex were detected in the affected spectra. .