Reference

Emerging therapies for multiple myeloma

All Rights Reserved. Emerging therapies for multiple myeloma. Podar, Klaus; Hideshima, Teru; Tai, Yu-Tzu; Richardson, Paul G.; Chauhan, Dharminder; Anderson, Kenneth C. (Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA). American Journal of Cancer (Auckland, New Zealand), 5(3), 141-153 (English) 2006 Adis International Ltd. CODEN: AJCMCB. ISSN: 1175-6357. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; General Review CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) A review. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells within the bone marrow characterized by bone loss, renal disease, and immunodeficiency. Recent advances in the understanding of MM pathogenesis have improved established conventional cytotoxic therapy as well as transplantation regimens. Despite these advances, median overall survival is only 3-5 years. Therefore new therapies are urgently needed. Besides thalidomide, whose antimyeloma activity has only recently been defined, a plethora of novel agents, including the thalidomide-derived immunomodulatory drugs and bortezomib, have been identified to directly target the tumor cell or its microenvironment, and thereby inhibit MM cell growth and survival, and to overcome drug resistance. After validation of their preclin.There are some commonly used reagents with their cas registry numbers 50-35-1 and 179324-69-7 in this article. anti-MM activity, several clin. trials are now ongoing to test the efficacy of these novel therapeutics, administered alone or in combination with conventional or other novel therapeutics and bone marrow transplantation. This article reviews the development of MM therapy, from its initial description approx. 150 years ago to the novel therapy regimens of recent years, highlighting that MM may soon become a chronic disease. .

Proteasome inhibition as novel treatment strategy in leukemia

All Rights Reserved. Proteasome inhibition as novel treatment strategy in leukemia. Vink, J.; Cloos, J.; Kaspers, G. J. L. (Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Neth.). British Journal of Haematology, 134(3), 253-262 (English) 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. CODEN: BJHEAL. ISSN: 0007-1048. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; General Review CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) A review. Following its success in multiple myeloma (MM), proteasome inhibition has become a topic of interest as novel treatment strategy of cancer. By simultaneously affecting multiple pathways in the cancer cell, such as deregulation of the programmed degrdn. of many cellular proteins, proteasome inhibition causes rapid apoptosis of these cells. Both in rapidly proliferating leukemic cell lines and in primary leukemic cells isolated from patients, proteasome inhibition results in antileukemic activity. The normal counterparts of these cells are much more resistant to proteasome inhibitors (PI), thereby resulting in a favorable therapeutic index. Importantly, while leukemic stem cells are sensitive to proteasome inhibition, normal hematopoietic stem cells are still viable after drug exposure. Nowadays, many PIs are being identified; bortezomib is the most well known since obtaining Food and Drug Administration approval for clin. use in MM.In this experiment, several chemicals are used like 140879-24-9 and 179324-69-7 This review summarizes the biol. and clin. aspects of proteasome inhibition and discusses the potential role of these inhibitors in the treatment of leukemia. .