Reference

Phosphate-macromer solid-state battery

Phosphate-macromer solid-state battery. Yamada, Akira; Shigehara, Junko; Kurata, Yasuyuki; Yonahara, Kunio (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Japan). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 61256573 A2 14 Nov 1986 Showa, 10 pp. (Japan) CODEN: JKXXAF. CLASS: ICM: H01M010-36. ICS: H01M006-18. APPLICATION: JP 85-97355 8 May 1985. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 52 (Electrochemical, Radiational, and Thermal Energy Technology) Section cross-reference(s): 38 A battery has a Li, Na, or K anode and an electrolyte from polymn. of a mixt. of OP[O(CH2CH2O)nMe]a[OROCOC(R1)CH2]b (n 4-22, a 1-2, b 1-2, a + b = 3, R = C2-4 unbranched linear alkylene groups, and R1 = H or Me) and 5-20 wt.% of a salt of the anode metal. The salt is a perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, trifluoroacetate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, or thiocyanate. Me-terminated oligoethyleneoxide (mol. wt. 350) 35 g, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate 6. 33454-82-9 and 21324-39-0 are cas registry numbers. These chemicals are also mentioned in this article.5, and Et3N 18.4 g were dissolved in 150 mL anhyd. THF, added dropwise with a soln. of 8.43 g POCl3 in 150 mL anhyd. THF under dry N, reacted at ~20° for 13 h, concd. at <20° under reduced pressure, added dropwise to 2 L anhyd. EtOAc, filtered, the soln. was mixed with MeCl, concd. under reduced pressure, passed through an alk. Al2O3 column using MeCl eluent, the 1st 2 elute portions (Rf = 0.65 and 0.42) were vacuum distd. to obtain 2.6 OP[OCH2CH2OCOC(Me)CH2]2O(CH2CH2O)7.2Me (I) and 29.69 OP[OCH2CH2OCOC(Me)CH2][O(CH2CH2O)7.2Me]2 (II). A soln. of 8.7 II and 1.3 g LiClO4 dissolved in 25 mL anhyd. THF was evapd. under reduced pressure to remove most part of the solvent, the soln. was cast on a Teflon plate, the solvent was further removed under increasingly reduced pressure without forming bubbles to a final pressure of 0.1 torr, and polymd. at 60° for 10 h to obtain a 0.5-mm-thick film. The film was rolled and punched to a 0.05-mm-thick electrolyte layer of 10-mm-diam. This layer had a cond. of 1.5 ′ 10-4/W-cm, in it thickness direction when measured between Li electrodes under O-free condition by a 0.1-V (65-100)-kHz a.c. method. When discharged at 10 mA/cm2, a Li-graphite battery using this electrolyte maintained a stable voltage of ~3 V for 60 h and the voltage did not drop after 100 charge-discharge cycles. .

Automatic dishwashing compositions comprising cobalt catalysts

Automatic dishwashing compositions comprising cobalt catalysts. Scheper, William Michael; Perkins, Christopher Mark (Procter and Gamble Company, USA). PCT Int. Appl. WO 9700311 A1 3 Jan 1997, 48 pp. DESIGNATED STATES: W: AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, GB, GE, HU, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI; RW: AT, BE, BF, BJ, CF, CG, CH, CI, CM, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GA, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, ML, NL, PT, SE. (English). (World Intellectual Property Organization). CODEN: PIXXD2. CLASS: ICM: C11D003-39.In this article, certain chemicals are used. Some of their cas registry numbers are 21324-39-0 and 168061-48-1 APPLICATION: WO 1996-US7118 17 May 1996. PRIORITY: US 1995-491238 16 Jun 1995; US 1995-508197 27 Jul 1995. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 46 (Surface Active Agents and Detergents) Automatic dishwashing detergents (with or without amylase and/or protease enzymes) provide enhanced cleaning/bleaching benefits (esp. tea stain removal) by using a Co bleach catalyst [Co(NH3)5M]Ty [Co is in the +3 oxidn. state; M = C1-30-alkyl carboxylate-contg. ligand RC(O)O; and T 31 counter anions present in a no. y, where y is an integer to obtain a charge-balanced salt], peroxide, and adjunct dishwashing materials, such as surfactants. The detergents are economical, compact, not damaging to tableware, and can be formulated to avoid use of high levels of caustic ingredients. Cobalt (III) pentaammineacetate dichloride at different concn. was formulated into several automatic dishwashing detergents. .