Detail of "2782-91-4"

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An application of the amidomethylation (Tscherniac-Einhorn) reaction in dye synthesis

An application of the amidomethylation (Tscherniac-Einhorn) reaction in dye synthesis. Guise, G. Bruce; Buehler, A. (Div. Text. Ind., CSIRO, Belmont, Aust.Several reagents such as 21437-81-0 is used here.). Text. Res. J., 47(7), 496-501 (English) 1977. CODEN: TRJOA9. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 40 (Dyes, Fluorescent Whitening Agents, and Photosensitizers) The amidomethylation of 3 anthraquinone dyes (I; R = H, 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; R1 = H, PhO; R2 = HO, 2,4,6-Me3C6H2NH) to introduce 3-halopropionamidomethyl groups using 3-halopropionamides or -propionitriles and various HCHO sources gave poor yields while satisfactory yields (40-74%) were obtained using reagents from bis(chloromethyl) ether [542-88-1] and the 3-halopropionamides. Reaction of the 3-bromo- or 3-iodopropionamidomethyl derivs. of I with thiourea [62-56-6] or tetramethylthiourea [2782-91-4] gave poor yields of unstable isothiouronium salts, which were unsatisfactory wool dyes. .

Embryotoxicity in rats and rabbits from cutaneous application of amide-type solvents and substituted ureas

Embryotoxicity in rats and rabbits from cutaneous application of amide-type solvents and substituted ureas. Stula, E. F.; Krauss, W. C. (Haskell Lab. Toxicol. Ind. Med., E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. Inc., Wilmington, Del., USA). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 41(1), 35-55 (English) 1977. CODEN: TXAPA9. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) Six amide-type solvents [formamide (F) [75-12-7]; N-methylformamide (MMF) [123-39-7]; N,N-dimethyl-formamide (DMF) [68-12-2]; N,N-di(n-butyl)formamide (DBF) [761-65-9]; N-methylacetamide (MMAC) [79-16-3], N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) [127-19-5]] and 4 substituted ureas [1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea (TMU) [632-22-4]; 1,1,3,3-tetramethylthiourea (TMTU) [2782-91-4], ethylenethiourea (ETU) [96-45-7], and tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazine-4-thione (TDOT) [25952-35-6]] were applied to the skin of pregnant rats during the period of fetal organogenesis. In addn., TMU, MMF, DMF, and DMAC were applied to the skin of pregnant rabbits during the period of fetal organogenesis. All test chems. were applied as liqs. except ETU, TMTU, and TDOT, which were solids dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The following parameters of toxicity were detd: (1) maternal approx. lethal dose by skin application, (2) maternal body wt. during the exposure period, (3) embryo mortality, (4) fetal wt., and (5) teratogenicity. Marked teratogenic effects were demonstrated with ETU; moderate with MMF; and slight with TMU, F, DMAC, and MMAC. Marked embryo mortality was found with MMF and TMU; moderate with DMAC, TMTU, and TDOT; and slight with F, DBF, MMAC, and DMF. In rats, 6 skin applications of MMF, each amounting to 1/6 of the single daily dose, applied during an 8-h period were more toxic to the mother and embryo than a single daily dose. Mixing TMU with mineral oil increased maternal TMU toxicity when applied to the skin of rats. The skin approx. lethal dose for TMU, MMF, DMF, and DMAC was lower for pregnant rabbits than for pregnant rats.