Reference

Testing of Panax ginseng C

Testing of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Pleinard, J. F.; Delaveau, P.; Guernet, M. (Lab. Chim. Anal., Fac. Pharm., Chatenay-Malabry, Fr.). Ann. Pharm. Fr., 35(11-12), 465-73 (French) 1977. CODEN: APFRAD. ISSN: 0003-4509. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 63 (Pharmaceuticals) Section cross-reference(s): 11 Methods are described for studying ginseng roots and exts.; specifically, saponosides and sapogenins. For extg. saponosides, the technique of Shibata (1962) gave the best results. Using 2-dimensional TLC on silica gel and BuOH-AcOH-H2O (:10) or CHCl3-MeOH-H2O (:10) solvent, good resoln. was possible. Of the revealing agents used, H2SO4 gave the best coloration but diffuse spots and SbCl3 produced very intense spots. The sapogenin hydrolysis products panaxadiol (I) [19666-76-3] and panaxatriol (II) [32791-84-7] were studied with TLC and GLC. Using the above extn. procedure, the ext. was acid hydrolyzed and I and II were pptd. by the addn. of water. The compds. were extd. into CHCl3 and spotted on silica gel plates. After chromatographing with benzene-EtOAc (1:1) the spots were developed with SbCl3 in CHCl3 and heating at 120°. For GLC anal. of I and ginseng powder (1.5 g) was extd. with MeOH. After several extn. steps to purify the sample, I and II were hydrolyzed and silylated. Samples were chromatographed on a 3 m column with a stationary phase of gas chromosorb Q 80-100 mesh and 2.5% OV-101. The column temp. was 230-300° with an increase of 2°/min. N was the carrier gas and a flame ionization detector was used. Ginseng root I and II levels varied (0.07-0.16 and 0.06-0.15%, resp.) with the type of root studied, the small roots having the highest of levels.

Saponins of Korean ginseng Panax ginseng C

Saponins of Korean ginseng Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Part III. Effects of the cultivating locations, sampling seasons, plant parts, growing stages and the processings on ginseng saponins. Cho, Sung-Hwan (Coll. Agric., Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul, S. Korea). Hanguk Nonghwa Hakhoe Chi, 20(2), 188-204 (Korean) 1977. CODEN: JKACA7. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 63 (Pharmaceuticals) In Korean ginseng, the av. concns. (% plant dry wt.) of semipurified saponins in the roots of plants from various locations were 5.0% (Keuman), 6.0% (Kimpo), and 5.4% (Pocheon). There were 3.3% saponins in white ginseng (rhizome) and 12.7% saponins in ginseng tail (fibrous root). With respect to the year of growth, the content of saponins was 90.3mg (2-year-old ginseng), 254.4mg (3-year-old ginseng), 404.2mg (4-year-old ginseng), 999.6mg(5-year-old ginseng), and 1377.1mg (6-year-old ginseng); the saponin fractions contg. panaxatriol [32791-84-7] as an aglycone also increased. Thin-layer chromatog. revealed that red ginseng yielded saponins which Shibata et al. designated as ginsenoside Rb1 [41753-43-9] (22.1%), Rb2 [11021-13-9] (15.4%), Rc [11021-14-0] (12.6%), Re [52286-59-6] (1597%), and Rg1 [22427-39-0] (9.3%). The distribution of saponins in ginseng varied according to whether the plant was colleced in May or September. Saponin content was also compared in alcexts. and dry plants.