Reference

Butanol as an extracting agent for phosphoric acid

Butanol as an extracting agent for phosphoric acid. Ruvarac, Aleksandar; Vasovic, Dusan; Secerov, Mileta; Maksimovic, Zoran (Hem. Ind. "Pancevo", Pancevo, Yugoslavia). Agrohemija, (9-10), 393-7 (Serbo-Croatian) 1977. CODEN: AGHJA4. ISSN: 0002-1865. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 68 (Phase Equilibriums, Chemical Equilibriums, and Solutions) Extn. of H3PO4 from aq. solns. contg. HNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 (initial concns. 2, 0.5, and 1.5-3.1 M, resp.) with iso-BuOH, sec-BuOH, and tert-BuOH was studied at 23°. The concns. of H3PO4, Ca, and H2O were detd. by spectrophotometry, volumetric anal., and Fischer titrn., resp. The tert-BuOH has the highest coeff. of H3PO4 distribution between org. and aq. phases (>0.7), but it also has a relatively high coeff. of Ca(NO3)2 distribution (0.13-0.20). The practical use of tert-BuOH is also limited by the high soly. of H2O (>300 mg/g) as well as by formation of a solid phase at higher Ca(NO3)2 concn. The most suitable solvent is iso-BuOH with low coeff. of Ca(NO3)2 distribution (~0.04) and a coeff. of the H3PO4 distribution increasing strongly (0.3-0.7) with increasing initial concn. of Ca(NO3)2. The H2O soly. in iso-BuOH is also the lowest (110-150 mg/g).

Extractant design for the separation of enantiomers by reactive extraction

Extractant design for the separation of enantiomers by reactive extraction. Steensma, M.; Kuipers, N. J. M.; de Haan, A. B.; Kwant, G. (University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, Neth.). AIChE Annual Meeting, Conference Proceedings, San Francisco, CA, United States, Nov. 16-21, 2003, 396-403. American Institute of Chemical Engineers: New York, N. Y. ISBN: 0-8169-0941-5(English) 2003. CODEN: 69EZVH. DOCUMENT TYPE: Conference; (computer optical disk) CA Section: 47 (Apparatus and Plant Equipment) This paper discusses how an enantioselective extractant for enantiomer sepn. by reactive extn. can be designed. After identification of promising selectors from literature for a good intrinsic selectivity, the chem. has to be 'engineered' to obtain a good operational selectivity. As illustration of this approach, the development of N-(2-hydroxydodecyl)-L-hydroxyproline copper(II) complex (OH-C12Hyp) as enantioselective extractant for chiral sepn. of simple amino-alcs. is described. Butanol/hexane mixts. can be used as solvent. The compn. of the mixt. has a pronounced effect on the selectivity and capacity of the extn.: at pH = 9.7 and using 75% hexane in butanol as solvent, an operational selectivity of 1.8 and distribution ratios of 4.1 vs. 2.3 are obtained for norephedrine enantiomers.Except for chemicals metioned above, 96-20-8 and 87068-89-1 are also used. .