Reference

Effects of some physical factors and carbohydrates on the hardening of shiratamako paste

Effects of some physical factors and carbohydrates on the hardening of shiratamako paste. Kugimiya, Masayuki; Maekaji, Kenji; Sakai, Hiroyoshi (Res. Inst. Hiroshima Prefect. Food Ind., Hiroshima, Japan). Hiroshima-ken Shokuhin Kogyo Shikenjo Kenkyu Hokoku, 14, 1-7 (Japanese) 1977. CODEN: HSKSA3. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 11 (Plant Biochemistry) Hardening of gel made by heating shiratamako (glutinous rice powder, mostly starch) paste was studied after storage at 2 °. Heating temp., heating time, vol. of H2O, pH, storage temp., and storage time had effects on the gel strength of the paste. Addn. of xylitol [87-99-0], fructose [57-48-7], glucose [50-99-7], Na alginate [9005-38-3], CM-cellulose [9004-32-4], methylcellulose [9004-67-5], or dextran [9004-54-0] increased the gel strength; glucose syrup, raffinose, or sorbitol had no effect. However, addn. of large amts. of sugars decreased gel strength, in the order rhamnose [3615-41-6], xylose [58-86-6], maltose [69-79-4], sucrose [57-50-1], and lactose [63-42-3].

Bound carbohydrates as stable compounds in Lake Schoehsee and in cultures of Scenedesmus

Bound carbohydrates as stable compounds in Lake Schoehsee and in cultures of Scenedesmus. Stabel, Hans Henning (Max-Planck-Inst. Limnol., Ploen, Ger.). Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl., 53(2), 159-254 (German) 1977. CODEN: AHBSA8. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 61 (Water) The annual changes in concn. of sol. carbohydrates in the water column of Lake Schoehse were investigated after sepn. of the sol. org. material either by ultrafiltration or by Sephadex-gel-filtration. The fractions of different mol. size were isolated and treated with hexamethyldisilazane and trimethylchlorosilane following hydrolysis. The carbohydrate ethers were sepd. by aid of gas-liq. chromatog. and identified by their retention times. The main sugars were glucose [50-99-7], galactose [59-23-4], xylose [58-86-6], rhannose [3615-41-6], fructose [57-48-7], and fucose [2438-80-4]; there were small amts. of arabinose [147-81-9], m-erythritol [149-32-6], mannose [3458-28-4], ribulose [5556-48-9], ribose [50-69-1], m-inositol [87-89-8], and hexitols. They mainly occur in macromols. and in smaller biopolymers but could not be detd. as free monosaccharides or oligomers. Degrdn. of sol. org. compds. from the lake by limnic microbial populations was studied in a 20-fold enriched culture medium. The resistance of sol. sugars in mol. complexes against bacterial attack was investigated. Accumulation of extracellular org. compds. in the filtrate of an axenic culture of Scenedesmus quadricauda as well as their degrdn. was studied by similar techniques. The uptake of sol. carbohydrates by microorganisms either in natural waters or in cultures takes place in 2 steps. The annual av. carbohydrate-C content of ~50 mg C/L in the water column should be regarded as a metastable pool of totally degradable saccharides.