Reference

GABAergic modulation of mouse-killing in the rat

GABAergic modulation of mouse-killing in the rat. Depaulis, Antoine; Vergnes, Marguerite (Cent. Neurochim., CNRS, Strasbourg F-67084, Fr.). Psychopharmacology (Berlin), 83(4), 367-72 (English) 1984. CODEN: PSCHDL. ISSN: 0033-3158. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) Section cross-reference(s): 2 When GABA [56-12-2]-potentiating compds. were administered, i.p., to rats with prior experience of mouse-killing behavior, a redn. of killing was obsd. with g-vinyl GABA [60643-86-9] (200 and 400 mg/kg) and nipecotic acid amide [4138-26-5] (400 mg/kg), while no significant effect was noted following injection of dipropylacetate [99-66-1] or THIP [64603-91-4]. The inhibitory effects of g-vinyl GABA and nipecotic acid amide were not reversed by subsequent injection of picrotoxin and were assocd. with sedation as obsd. in open field and actograph tests. When GABA-potentiating compds. were administered to food-deprived rats exposed for the first time to a mouse (initial elicitation), administration of g-vinyl GABA, dipropylacetate, nipecotic acid amide or THIP increased the incidence of mouse-killing behavior. Conversely, the incidence of mouse-killing under the same conditions was reduced following injections of picrotoxin. These results do not support the hypothesis that the general activation of GABAergic mechanisms inhibits mouse-killing behavior in rats. On the contrary, data obtained in naive animals suggest that potentiation of these mechanisms actually facilitates the initial elicitation of this behavior.

Stereochemical substituent effects: investigation of the cyano, amide and carboxylate group

Stereochemical substituent effects: investigation of the cyano, amide and carboxylate group. Pedersen, Christian Marcus; Bols, Mikael (Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C DK-8000, Den.). Tetrahedron, Volume Date 2005, 61(1), 115-122 (English) 2004 Elsevier B. 828300-46-5 and 4138-26-5 are also occured in this study.V. CODEN: TETRAB. ISSN: 0040-4020. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 22 (Physical Organic Chemistry) Section cross-reference(s): 27 Three pairs of diastereomeric piperidines, cis- and trans-2-methylpiperidine-3-carboxylate (6a and 6b), cis- and trans-2-methylpiperidine-3-carboxylamide (9a and 9b) and cis- and trans-2-methyl-3-cyanopiperidine (11a and 11b), were synthesized for the purpose of investigating the effect of the axial vs. equatorial carboxylate, carboxamide and cyano group on piperidine base strength. The pKa values of the six compds. were detd. to be 11.0 (6a), 10.4 (6b), 9.5 (9a), 9.3 (9b), 7.8 (11a) and 8.0 (11b). This shows that the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the cyano group and the effect of the amide group are relatively independent of spacial orientation. The carboxylate, on the other hand is considerably less electron-withdrawing when axial. .