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506-77-4

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Basic Information
CAS No.: 506-77-4
Name: Cyanogen chloride
Article Data: 239
Molecular Structure:
Molecular Structure of 506-77-4 (Cyanogen chloride)
Formula: CCl N
Molecular Weight: 61.4707
Synonyms: Cyanogenchloride (8CI); Chlorine cyanide; Chlorine cyanide (ClCN); Chlorocyan;Chlorocyanide; Chlorocyanide (ClCN); Chlorocyanogen; Cyanochloride (CNCl);Cyanogen chloride (ClCN)
EINECS: 208-052-8
Density: 1.234 g/cm3
Melting Point: 6.5ºC
Boiling Point: 13.8 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: °C
Solubility: soluble in water, alcohol, ether
Appearance: Colorless, liquid /gas
Hazard Symbols:
Risk Codes:  T:Toxic;
">  T:Toxic;
Transport Information: UN 1589
PSA: 23.79000
LogP: 0.70628
Synthetic route
7677-24-9

trimethylsilyl cyanide

A

75-77-4

chloro-trimethyl-silane

B

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

C

S, SO2

S, SO2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With thionyl chloride at 30 - 40℃; Product distribution; oth. reagent (SO2Cl2);A 100%
B 45%
C n/a
460-19-5

ethanedinitrile

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In water (CN)2/Cl2 = 1:1, at 560°C, in 10% CaCl2 soln.; cool and crystn. at -10°C;100%
With chlorine In gas at 900K;93%
With chlorine In gas at 1100K;89%
773837-37-9

sodium cyanide

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In water continuous method, 15% NaCN soln.;98.4%
With chlorine In neat (no solvent) alkali cyanides, liquid Cl2 mixed in autoclave at -30°C;95%
With chlorine In hydrogenchloride at 0°C; distn.;90%

dipotassium tetracyanozincate(II)

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In water byproducts: KCl, ZnCl2; in suspension, 60-90 min. at room temp.; drying above CaCl2 and freezing with ice/NaCl or CO2/acetone mixt.; >99.9% pure;98%
With chlorine In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, KCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, KCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, KCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;

2Na(1+)*{Zn(CN)4}(2-)=Na2{Zn(CN)4}

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In water byproducts: NaCl, ZnCl2; in suspension, 60-90 min. at room temp.; drying above CaCl2 and freezing with ice/NaCl or CO2/acetone mixt.; >99.9% pure;98%
With chlorine In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, NaCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, NaCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, NaCl; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°;

Ca(2+)*Zn(CN)4(2-)=CaZn(CN)4

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In water byproducts: CaCl2, ZnCl2; in suspension, 60-90 min. at room temp.; drying above CaCl2 and freezing with ice/NaCl or CO2/acetone mixt.; >99.9% pure;98%
With chlorine In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, CaCl2; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, CaCl2; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;
With Cl2 In not given byproducts: ZnCl2, CaCl2; at 0-5°C; product sepd. below 45°C;
57-12-5

cyanide(1-)

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In tetrachloromethane with alkali cyanides, under 3°C;98%
With chlorine In neat (no solvent) alkali cyanides, at -18°C;85%
With chlorine In neat (no solvent) alkali cyanides mixed with sand at 3°C;80%
With chlorine In tetrachloromethane alkali cyanides, at 0°C;
With hydrogenchloride In not given
330660-35-0

silver cyanide

7791-21-1

hypochlorous anhydride

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) in closed U-tube, at room temp., AgCN free from water; fract. distn. at -78°C; pure prod.;95%
74-90-8

hydrogen cyanide

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; dihydrogen peroxide; iron(III) In water at 50-65°C, continuous method;90%
With hydrogenchloride; dihydrogen peroxide; copper(II) ion In water at 50-65°C, continuous method;90%
With dihydrogen peroxide In water at 30°C;15%
57-12-5

cyanide(1-)

A

74-90-8

hydrogen cyanide

B

506-77-4

cyanogen chloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chlorine In hydrogenchloride alkali cyanides, pH=9;A n/a
B 90%
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Chemistry

Cyanogen chloride(506-77-4) is linear, triatomic pseudohalogen. Carbon and chlorine are linked by a single bond, and carbon and nitrogen by a triple bond.
Molecular Formula: CClN.
Molecular Structure: .
Molecular Weight: 61.47.
Density: 1.234 g/cm3.
Melting Point: 6.5 ℃.
Boiling Point: 13.8 ℃ at 760 mmHg.
Solubility: soluble in water, alcohol, ether.
Appearance: Colorless, liquid /gas.

Uses

 Cyanogen chloride(506-77-4) is widely used in biochemical analysis and preparation. Cyanogen chloride(506-77-4) is a common useful reagent in organic synthesis.For example, It is a precursor to the sulfonyl cyanides and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate.

Production

Cyanogen chloride(506-77-4) is produced by the oxidation of sodium cyanide with chlorine. This reaction proceeds via the intermediate cyanogen ((CN)2).
NaCN + Cl2 → ClCN + NaCl .

Toxicity Data With Reference

1.   

eye-hmn 100 mg/m3/2M SEV

   BJEPA5    British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 33 (1946),241.
2.   

ihl-hmn TCLo:10 mg/m3:EYE

   WHOTAC    World Health Organization, Technical Report Series. (1211 Geneva, 27, Switzerland)
3.   

ihl-man TCLo:2 g/m3:SKN

   NTIS**    National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) PB158-508 .
4.   

ihl-rat LC50:5400 mg/m3/3M

   NTIS**    National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) PB158-508 .
5.   

ihl-mus LC50:3 g/m3/30S

   NTIS**    National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) PB158-508 .
6.   

scu-mus LDLo:39 mg/kg

   27ZWAY    Heffters Handbuch der Experimentelle Pharmakologie.
7.   

ihl-dog LC50:3800 mg/m3/1M

   NTIS**    National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) PB158-508 .
8.   

scu-dog LDLo:5 mg/kg

   HBAMAK    Abdernaldens Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden. 4 (1935),1341.
9.   

ihl-mky LC50:4400 mg/m3/1M

   NTIS**

Consensus Reports

Cyanide and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, and possibly other routes. Toxic by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: lachrymation, conjunctiva irritation, and chronic pulmonary edema or congestion. A primary irritant. A severe human eye irritant. An insecticide. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition or on contact with water or steam, it will react to produce highly toxic and corrosive fumes of Cl, CN, and NOx. See also other cyanogen entries, CYANIDE, and CHLORIDES.

Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: CL 0.3 ppm
ACGIH TLV: CL 0.3 ppm
DOT Classification:  2.3; Label: Poison Gas, Flammable Gas