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| CAS No.: | 509-14-8 |
|---|---|
| Name: | TETRANITROMETHANE |
| Article Data: | 37 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
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| Formula: | CN4 O8 |
| Molecular Weight: | 196.033 |
| Synonyms: | NSC 16146;TNM; Tetranitromethane |
| EINECS: | 208-094-7 |
| Density: | 1.637 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point: | 13-14 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 126 °C(lit.) |
| Flash Point: | >230 °F |
| Appearance: | pale yellow liquid |
| Hazard Symbols: | Dangerous fire and explosion risk. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption. TLV: 0.005 ppm; animal carcinogen. |
| Risk Codes: | 8-25-26-36/37/38-40 |
| Safety: |
Confirmed carcinogen with carcinogenic and neoplastigenic data. Poison by ingestion, inhalation, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Irritating to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, and respiratory passages, and does serious damage to the liver. Mutation data reported. It occurs as an impurity in crude TNT, and is thought to be mainly responsible for the irritating properties of that material. It can cause pulmonary edema, mild methemoglobinemia, and fatty degeneration of the liver and kidneys. A powerful oxidizer. A very dangerous fire hazard. A severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat. May explode during distillation. Potentially explosive reaction with ferrocene, pyridine, sodium ethoxide. Mixtures with amines (e.g., aniline) ignite spontaneously and may explode. Mixtures with cotton or toluene may explode when ignited. Forms sensitive and powerful explosive mixtures with nitrobenzene, 1-nitrotoluene, 4-nitrotoluene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, 1-nitronaphthalene, other oxygen-deficient explosives, hydrocarbons. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Incompatible with aluminum. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx. Used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants and as an explosive. See also NITRATES; EXPLOSIVES, HIGH. |
| Transport Information: | UN 1510 5 |
| PSA: | 183.28000 |
| LogP: | 0.79730 |
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Chemistry
IUPAC Name: Tetranitromethane
Synonyms: Tetranitromethane ; TNM ; Methane,tetranitro- ; NCI-C55947 ; Rcra waste number P112 ; Tetan ; Tetranitro-methan
CAS: 509-14-8
Molecular Formula: CN4O8
Molecular Weight: 196.03
Molecular Struture: .bmp)
EINECS: 208-094-7
Mol File: 509-14-8.mol
Surface Tension: 96 dyne/cm
Density: 2.037 g/cm3
Flash Point: 20 °C
Melting point: 13-14 °C(lit.)
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 36.4 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 126.2 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 11.8 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor pressure: 8.4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.438(lit.)
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Merck : 13,9305
Appearance: pale yellow liquid
Product Categories: Aromatic Hydrocarbons (substituted) & Derivatives
Stability: Stability Oxidizer. Reacts with a wide variety of materials including organics, brass, zinc, cotton, sodium, pyridine, toluene, aluminium, finely powdered metals. Heat, friction and shock sensitive. May decompose or react with other chemicals violently.
Uses
Tetranitromethane (509-14-8) is used as an explosive liquid mixture or voxidizer of rocket fuel, raw materials for preparation of nitromethane.
Production
Production methods: The concentrated nitric acid stirred, slowly adding acetic anhydride. after adding completly, continue stirring 15min, after cooling, continue to heat up at 5 ℃ , stirring 12-14h, then diluted with three times water to separate, obtaining the crude, with the sulfuric acid dehydration, filtration, purification ,then get Tetranitromethane (509-14-8) . Content of 95 %. Consumption of raw materials (kg / t): acetic anhydride 1800 nitric acid (95%), 1050 anhydrous sodium sulfate 700
Toxicity Data With Reference
| 1. | mma-sat 20 µg/plate | ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. 9 (Suppl 9)(1987),1. | ||
| 2. | mmo-esc 3 µg/plate | SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. 29 (1987),34. | ||
| 3. | ihl-rat TCLo:2 ppm/6H/2Y-I:CAR | NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No. NTP-TR-386 ,1990. | ||
| 4. | orl-rat LD50:130 mg/kg | NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) AD-A051-334 . | ||
| 5. | ihl-rat LC50:18 ppm/4H | AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) TR-77-25 ,1977. | ||
| 6. | ivn-rat LD50:12,600 µg/kg | AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) TR-77-25 ,1977. | ||
| 7. | orl-mus LD50:375 mg/kg | NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) (Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific and Technical Information) AD-A051-334 . | ||
| 8. | ihl-mus LC50:54 ppm/4H | AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) TR-77-25 ,1977. | ||
| 9. |
Consensus Reports
NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes O.gif){kind=small}
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Risk Statements 8-25-26-36/37/38-40
8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire
25: Toxic if swallowed
26: Tetranitromethane (509-14-8) is very Toxic by inhalation
40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
Safety Statements 17-28-36/37-45
17: Keep away from combustible material
28: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer)
45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible)
36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
RIDADR UN 1510 5.1/PG 1
WGK Germany 3
RTECS PB4025000
HazardClass 5.1
PackingGroup I
Standards and Recommendations
OSHA PEL: TWA 1 ppm
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.005 ppm; Animal Carcinogen
DFG MAK: Confirmed Animal Carcinogen, Suspected Human Carcinogen
DOT Classification: 5.1; Label: Oxidizer, Poison
Specification
1.General Description: A pale yellow liquid. Irritates skin and respiratory tract. Very toxic by inhalation. Difficult to ignite. Burns at a steady rate once ignited. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat containers may rupture violently and rocket Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
2.Air & Water Reaction:s Highly Flammable. Insoluble in water.
3.Reactivity Profile :Self-reactive. Tetranitromethane (509-14-8) is a weak, but highly sensitive explosive. May decompose explosively if contaminated with combustible material. A propellant. Ignites upon contact with alcohols, amines, ammonia, beryllium alkyls, boranes, dicyanogen, hydrazines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, nitroalkanes, powdered metals, silanes, or thiols
4.Health Hazard :Acute effects include irritation of the eyes and respiratory passages and mild burns to the skin. After more prolonged inhalation, headache and respiratory distress may occur. After prolonged exposure, central nervous system, heart, liver, and kidney damage can occur as well as pulmonary edema.
5.Fire Hazard: Spontaneous chemical reaction may produce fire. Material is a strong oxidizer. The potential for explosion is severe, especially when exposed to heat or to powerful oxidizing or reducing agents; or when shocked or heated. Tetranitromethane is more easily detonated than TNT. Impurities can also cause explosion. The material is highly sensitive; hydrocarbons exposed to Tetranitromethane form exceedingly sensitive explosives. When heated to decomposition, Tetranitromethane emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen. Shock will explode it. Avoid hydrocarbons, aluminum, toluene, cotton, aromatic nitro compounds, alkalis, metals and rubber. Avoid impurities, shock, heat, and reducing agents.