Reference

Isolation and identification of flavon(ol)-O-glycosides in caraway (Carum carvi L

Isolation and identification of flavon(ol)-O-glycosides in caraway (Carum carvi L.,), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), and of flavone-C-glycosides in anise. I. Phenolics of spices. Kunzemann, Jost; Herrmann, Karl (Tech. Univ. Hannover, Hannover, Ger.). Z. Lebensm.-Unters. Forsch., 164(3), 194-200 (German) 1977. CODEN: ZLUFAR. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 17 (Foods) The flavonoid constituents of various spices were sepd. by chromatog. on cellulose columns, and the following compds. were obtained after crystn.: quercetin 3-glucuronide [22688-79-5] from caraway, fennel, anise, and coriander; isoquercitrin [21637-25-2] from caraway and fennel; rutin [153-18-4] from fennel and anise; quercetin 3-O-caffeylglucoside [64120-76-9] and kaempferol 3-glucoside [480-10-4] from caraway; quercetin 3-arabinoside [30370-87-7] from fennel, and luteolin 7-glucoside [5373-11-5], isoorientin [4261-42-1], and isovitexin [38953-85-4] from anise. Other constituents, which were not obtained in a cryst. form, but which could be identified by the usual procedures were kaempferol 3-glucuronide [22688-78-4] and kaempferol 3-arabinoside [28384-70-5] in fennel, apigenin 7-glucoside [578-74-5] and a luteolin glycoside in anise, and isoquercitrin and rutin in coriander. The glycosides in the fruit of the 4 spices also occur in the leaves. Leaves of caraway and fennel, in addn., contain isorhamnetin [480-19-3] glycosides in low concn.

Antihormonal effects of plant extracts: iodothyronine deiodinase of rat liver is inhibited by extracts and secondary metabolites of plants

Antihormonal effects of plant extracts: iodothyronine deiodinase of rat liver is inhibited by extracts and secondary metabolites of plants. Auf'mkolk, M.; Koehrle, J.; Gumbinger, H.; Winterhoff, H.; Hesch, R. D. (Abt. Klin. Endokrinol., Med. Hochsch. Hannover, Hannover D-3000/61, Fed. Rep. Ger.). Horm. Metab. Res., 16(4), 188-92 (English) 1984. CODEN: HMMRA2. ISSN: 0018-5043. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 2 (Mammalian Hormones) Section cross-reference(s): 11 Aq. exts. from plants (Lycopus virginicus, Melissa officinalis, and Lithospermum officinale), contg. various antihormonal components, also inhibit both the extrathyroidal enzymic T4 [51-48-9] 5'-deiodination to T3 [6893-02-3] and the T4-5-deiodination to rT3 [5817-39-0]. The effects were dose-dependent and ultimately complete using rat liver microsomes as a source of the enzyme in vitro. The specific inhibitory activity of exts. depends on the plant species used and the extn. procedure applied. It can be increased by ether extn. of freeze dried aq. exts. and decreased by oxidn. with KMnO4. The active principle(s) exhibits chem. characteristics of phenols of phenolcarboxylic acids: rosmarinic acid [20283-92-5], ellagic acid [476-66-4], and luteolin-7b-glucoside [5373-11-5] are active inhibitory components but other secondary plant metabolites consisting only of a single diphenolic ring e.g. cinnamic acid and derivs. are inactive. The inhibition of both iodothyronine-5'- and 5-deiodinase by this class of I-free phenolic inhibitors belonging to the cinnamic acid-flavonoid-type supports the hypothesis that in rat liver only a single enzyme catalyzes both deiodination pathways and might be of pharmacol. interest for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.