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| CAS No.: | 616-38-6 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Dimethyl carbonate |
| Article Data: | 337 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | C3H6O3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 90.0788 |
| Synonyms: | Methyl carbonate ((MeO)2CO);Carbonic acid, dimethyl ester;Dimethyl carbonate [UN1161] [Flammable liquid];Carbonic acid,esters,dimethyl ester;Methyl Carbonate; |
| EINECS: | 210-478-4 |
| Density: | 1.024 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 2-4 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 90.5 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 18.333 °C |
| Solubility: | 139 g/L in water |
| Appearance: | colourless liquid |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 F
|
| Risk Codes: | 11 |
| Safety: | 9-16 |
| Transport Information: | UN 1161 3/PG 2 |
| PSA: | 35.53000 |
| LogP: | 0.39920 |
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| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; triethylamine at 90 - 100℃; under 40 - 80 Torr; | 100% |
| With <2>*H2O at 120℃; under 15200 Torr; for 7h; | 45.2% |
| With sodium selenite; oxygen at 100℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; | 32.9% |
- 96-49-1
[1,3]-dioxolan-2-one
- 67-56-1
methanol
A
- 107-21-1
ethylene glycol
B
- 616-38-6
carbonic acid dimethyl ester
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| anion exchanging resin at 80.4 - 98℃; for 6h; Product distribution / selectivity; | A 99% B 99.7% |
| potassium hydroxide In water at 98℃; under 838.584 Torr; for 500 - 6000h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux; | A n/a B 99.88% |
| potassium hydroxide at 98 - 130℃; under 784.578 - 838.584 Torr; for 500 - 6000h; Product distribution / selectivity; Heating / reflux; | A n/a B 99.99% |
- 96-49-1
[1,3]-dioxolan-2-one
- 67-56-1
methanol
A
- 107-21-1
ethylene glycol
B
- 616-38-6
carbonic acid dimethyl ester
C
- 111-46-6
diethylene glycol
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| potassium hydroxide at 63.8 - 98℃; for 6.7h; Product distribution / selectivity; | A 99.1% B 99.8% C n/a |
| sodium hydroxide at 49.8 - 56.2℃; under 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale; | A 91.3% B 91.3% C n/a |
| potassium hydroxide at 47 - 56℃; under 228.023 - 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale; | A 90.5% B 90.5% C n/a |
| at 55.9 - 56℃; under 342.034 Torr; Product distribution / selectivity; Industry scale; | A 38.9% B 38.9% C n/a |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With 1-methyl-1H-imidazole In Diethyl carbonate at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; | 98.2% |
| at 30℃; Rate constant; Mechanism; var. conc, presence of var. salts (LiCl, (CH3)4NCl, (C2H5)4NBr); | |
| at 30℃; Thermodynamic data; Rate constant; ΔH(excit.), -ΔS(excit.); |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| Stage #1: methanol With Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether; potassium carbonate at 10 - 30℃; Stage #2: 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexachloro-propan-2-one at 30 - 75℃; Reagent/catalyst; | 97% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With 2-Cyanopyridine; cerium(IV) oxide at 119.84℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 16h; Reagent/catalyst; Pressure; Temperature; Autoclave; | 96% |
| With 2-pyrazine carbonitrile at 20 - 50℃; under 15001.5 - 45004.5 Torr; for 50h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave; | 95% |
| With 2-Cyanopyridine; cerium(IV) oxide at 119.84℃; under 37503.8 Torr; for 12h; Autoclave; | 94% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With graphitic carbon nitride at 119.84℃; for 4h; Catalytic behavior; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst; Time; | 93% |
| With 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-3-n-buthylimidazole bromide; potassium carbonate at 60℃; for 1h; Green chemistry; | 90% |
| With mesoporous carbon nitride detemplated by 0.5 M NaOH solution at 160℃; under 4500.45 Torr; for 6h; Catalytic behavior; Knoevenagel Condensation; Autoclave; | 90.7% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| at 90℃; for 3h; Temperature; Time; | 93% |
| With calcined hollow titanium silicon molecular sieve modified with sodium carbonate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate In water at 100℃; for 8h; Time; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Autoclave; | 74% |
| at 140℃; for 6h; | 35% |
- 67-56-1
methanol
- 106729-72-0
(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl carbonate
A
- 107-21-1
ethylene glycol
B
- 616-38-6
carbonic acid dimethyl ester
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With film supported Penicillium expansum at 60℃; for 48h; Reagent/catalyst; Concentration; Temperature; Time; Enzymatic reaction; | A 93% B 93% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With lead dioxide In dichloromethane at 40℃; for 0.166667h; | 92.1% |
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Chemistry
Molecule structure of Dimethyl carbonate (CAS NO.616-38-6):
IUPAC Name: Dimethyl carbonate
Molecular Weight: 90.07794 g/mol
Molecular Formula: C3H6O3
Density: 1.024 g/cm3
Melting Point: 2-4 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point: 90.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 18.3 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.361
Molar Refractivity: 19.46 cm3
Molar Volume: 87.9 cm3
Surface Tension: 24.6 dyne/cm
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 33.05 kJ/mol
Vapour Pressure: 56 mmHg at 25 °C
Storage Temp.: flammables area
Water Solubility: 139 g/L
XLogP3-AA: 0.5
H-Bond Acceptor: 3
Rotatable Bond Count: 2
Exact Mass: 90.031694
MonoIsotopic Mass: 90.031694
Topological Polar Surface Area: 35.5
Heavy Atom Count: 6
Canonical SMILES: COC(=O)OC
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-5-3(4)6-2/h1-2H3
InChIKey: IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EINECS: 210-478-4
Product Categories: Pharmaceutical Intermediates; Organics; Alternative Energy; Electrolytes; Materials Science; Anhydrous Grade SolventsSolvents; Solvent Bottles; Solvents; Sure/Seal Bottles; Carbonates; Carbonyl Compounds; Organic Building Blocks
Uses
Dimethyl carbonate (CAS NO.616-38-6) is a carbonate ester which has recently found use as a methylating reagent. It is also used as intermediate of herbicide.
Production
Dimethyl carbonate (CAS NO.616-38-6) is now prepared from catalytic oxidative carbonylation of methanol with carbon monoxide and oxygen, instead of from phosgene.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 800mg/kg (800mg/kg) | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 361, 1979. | |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 6gm/kg (6000mg/kg) | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 361, 1979. | |
| rabbit | LD50 | skin | > 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 361, 1979. | |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1600mg/kg (1600mg/kg) | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 361, 1979. | |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 13gm/kg (13000mg/kg) | Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 361, 1979. |
Safety Profile
Hazard Codes: 
F
Risk Statements: 11
R11:Highly flammable.
Safety Statements: 9-16
S9:Keep container in a well-ventilated place.
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition.
RIDADR: UN 1161 3/PG 2
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: FG0450000
HazardClass: 3
PackingGroup: II
Specification
Dimethyl carbonate (CAS NO.616-38-6) is also named as AI3-14705 ; HSDB 6928 ; Methyl carbonate ; Methyl carbonate ((MeO)2CO) ; NSC 9371 ; Carbonic acid, dimethyl ester . Dimethyl carbonate is colourless liquid with a pleasant odor. It is slightly soluble in water and highly flammable. Dimethyl carbonate reacts with acids to liberate heat along with methanol and carbon dioxide. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides. It may cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. It will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated.