Reference

Reductive metabolism of the anticonvulsant agent zonisamide, a 1,2-benzisoxazole derivative

Reductive metabolism of the anticonvulsant agent zonisamide, a 1,2-benzisoxazole derivative. Stiff, D. D.; Robicheau, J. T.; Zemaitis, M. A. (Sch. Pharm., Univ. Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Xenobiotica, 22(1), 1-11 (English) 1992. CODEN: XENOBH. ISSN: 0049-8254. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) Section cross-reference(s): 10 The metab.In this article, certain chemicals are used. Some of their cas registry numbers are 68291-97-4 and 74538-97-9 of zonisamide in vitro was characterized through aerobic and anaerobic incubations with rat liver subcellular fractions and cultured gastrointestinal microflora. Zonisamide reacted with rat hepatic microsomal cytochrome P 450 and exhibited a Type I binding spectrum. Metab. of zonisamide in vitro by hepatic subcellular fractions and cultured gastrointestinal flora produced a single metabolite, 2-(sulfamoylacetyl)phenol (2-SMAP), by reductive cleavage of the 1,2-benzisoxazole ring. The reductive metab. of zonisamide was primarily mediated by microsomal cytochrome P 450. The sol. fraction enhanced redn. when combined with the microsomal fraction but itself possessed only weak reductive activity. Redn. of zonisamide by the enzymically most active liver fractions required NADPH, was stimulated by FMN and SKF-525A, and was inhibited by CO or air, as well as by n-octylamine. Unlike their involvement in the redn. of numerous nitro, azo, and N-oxide compds., cultured aerobic and anaerobic intestinal flora were not principally involved in the redn. of zonisamide. .

Zonisamide - a review of experience and use in partial seizures

All Rights Reserved. Zonisamide - a review of experience and use in partial seizures. Wilfong, Angus A.; Willmore, L. James (Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA). Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2(3), 269-280 (English) 2006 Dove Medical Press (NZ) Ltd. CODEN: NDTEAZ. ISSN: 1176-6328. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; General Review CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) A review. Zonisamide is a modern antiepileptic drug (AED) that is distinguished from other AEDs by its unique structure and broad mechanistic profile. Preclin. studies have reported a range of potential mechanisms of action for zonisamide, such as blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, redn. of T-type calcium channel currents, and enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, which are indicative of its broad antiseizure effects. Zonisamide has a favorable linear pharmacokinetic profile, a long half-life, and a low incidence of protein-binding interactions with other AEDs. Hepatically metabolized through the cytochrome P 450 pathway, zonisamide does not induce its own metab. or liver enzymes. For more than 2 decades, zonisamide has been extensively used as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial and generalized seizures in pediatric and adult patients in Japan. Zonisamide was approved in the USA in 2000 as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures in adults.In this experiment, several chemicals are used like 68291-97-4 With over 2 million patient-years of exposure internationally, zonisamide has demonstrated safety and efficacy against a multitude of epilepsy and seizure types, including both partial and generalized seizures. This review focuses on the experience and use of zonisamide in partial seizures, as well as possible new uses for zonisamide. .