Detail of "71267-22-6"

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Dose-response study of the carcinogenicity of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in F344 rats

Dose-response study of the carcinogenicity of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in F344 rats. Hoffmann, D.; Rivenson, A.; Amin, S.; Hecht, S. S. (Naylor Dana Inst. Dis. Prevent., Am. Health Found., Valhalla, NY 10595, USA). J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol., 108(1), 81-6 (English) 1984. CODEN: JCROD7. ISSN: 0171-5216. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) N-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN)(I) [16543-55-8] 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) [64091-91-4], and N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) [71267-22-6] were bioassayed at 3 dose levels by s.c. injections into rats in 60 subdoses amounting in total to 9, 3, and 1 mmol/kg. Compared with the solvent control group (trioctanoin), NNN and NNK induced significant nos. of tumors of the nasal cavity at all 3 dose levels in rats. Significant nos. of tumors were also induced by NNK in the lung at all 3 dose levels and in the liver at the highest dose level. In addn. to nasal tumors, NNN also induced esophageal tumors at a significant rate in male rats at the high and medium dose levels and in female rats at the high level; NAT was inactive at the 3 doses tested. Bioassays at lower dose levels as well as biochem. studies are strongly indicated for NNN and NNK since these nitrosamines occur in relatively high amts. in chewing tobacco and tobacco smoke.

Tobacco-specific and betel nut-specific N-nitroso compounds: occurrence in saliva and urine of betel quid chewers and formation in vitro by nitrosation of betel quid

Tobacco-specific and betel nut-specific N-nitroso compounds: occurrence in saliva and urine of betel quid chewers and formation in vitro by nitrosation of betel quid. Nair, J.; Ohshima, H.; Friesen, M.; Croisy, A.; Bhide, S. V.; Bartsch, H. (Unit Environ. Carcinog., Int. Agency Res. Cancer, Lyon, Fr.). Carcinogenesis (London), 6(2), 295-303 (English) 1985. CODEN: CRNGDP. ISSN: 0143-3334. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) To evaluate exposure of betel (Areca catechu) quid chewers to N-nitroso compds., saliva and urine samples were collected from chewers of betel quid with or without tobacco, from tobacco chewers, from cigaret smokers, and from people with no such habit, and were analyzed for the presence of N-nitrosamine by gas chromatog. coupled with Thermal Energy Analyzer and alkaloids derived from betel nut and tobacco by capillary gas chromatog. fitted with N-P selective detector. The levels of the betel nut-specific nitrosamines, N-nitrosoguvacoline (I) [55557-02-3] and N-nitrosoguvacine [55557-01-2] (the latter being detected for the 1st time in saliva), ranged from 0 to 7.1 and 0 to 30.4 ng/mL, resp. High levels of tobacco-specific nitrosamines were detected in the saliva of chewers of betel quid with tobacco and in that of chewers of tobacco, ranging from 1.6 to 59.7 (N'-nitrosonornicotine [16543-55-8]), 1.0 to 51.7 (N'-nitrosoanatabine [71267-22-6]) and 0 to 2.3 [4-(methyl-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone [64091-91-4]] ng/mL. Urinary concns. of certain N-nitrosamino acids, including N-nitrosoproline [7519-36-0], were detd. as a possible index of exposure to nitroso compds. and their precursors in the study groups: no clear difference was obsd. The betel nut-specific alkaloid, arecoline [63-75-2], was present at high levels in the saliva of betel quid chewers with or without tobacco. Nicotine [54-11-5] and cotinine [486-56-6] were also detected in saliva and urine of chewers of tobacco and of betel quid with tobacco. To assess whether N-nitroso compds. are formed in vivo in the oral cavity during chewing or in the stomach after swallowing the quids, the levels of N-nitroso compds. in betel quid exts. were detd. before and after nitrosation at pH 7.4 and 2.1. Evidently, N-nitroso compds. could easily be formed in vivo. The possible role of N-nitroso compds. in the causation of cancer of the upper alimentary tract in betel quid chewers is discussed.