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Basic Information

Molecular Structure:
CAS No.:	78-79-5
Name:	Isoprene
Article Data:	431

Formula:	C₅H₈
Molecular Weight:	68.1185
Synonyms:	Isoprene(8CI);2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene;2-Methylbutadiene;Isopentadiene;NSC 9237;b-Methylbivinyl;1,3-Butadiene,2-methyl-;
EINECS:	201-143-3
Density:	0.674 g/cm³
Melting Point:	323-329 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point:	34.059 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point:	-40.843 °C
Solubility:	Insoluble in water, but soluble in benzene, easily soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone
Appearance:	colourless liquid with an aromatic odour
Hazard Symbols:	F+,T
Risk Codes:	45-12-52/53-68
Safety:	53-45-61
Transport Information:	UN 1218 3/PG 1
PSA:	0.00000
LogP:	1.74850

Synthetic route

: 766-15-4
4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane

: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With supported heteropolyacid In tert-butyl alcohol at 160℃; under 71257.1 Torr; Pressure; Temperature;	98.6%
With water at 250℃; ueber einen phosphorsaeurehaltigen Katalysator;unter Zusatz von Heptandampf;
With water unter Zusatz von Heptandampf;

: 556-82-1
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol

: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With zeolite H-ZSM-5 In benzene at 90℃; for 10h;	98%
With graphite oxide; zeolite In chloroform-d1 at 150℃; for 0.5h; Sealed tube;

: 91495-68-0
3-benzyloxy-2-methyl-1-butene

: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 750℃; under 0.01 Torr; deprotection;	96%

: 111-36-4
n-butyl isocyanide

: 15450-84-7
1,3-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-phosphole

A: 1173091-18-3
1,4-dibutyl-2-methyl-1,4,2-diazaphospholidin-3,5-dione

B: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 20℃; for 16h;	A 94% B n/a

...Expand

: 78-80-8
2-methyl-1-buten-3-yne

: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With piperazine; hydrogen In ethanol at 80℃; under 4500.45 Torr; for 24h;	92%
With ethanol; iron catalyst at 100℃; under 51485.6 Torr; Hydrogenation;
With zinc copper; water at 100℃; under 51485.6 Torr; Hydrogenation;

: 3,4-epithia-3-methyl-1-butene

A: 18655-86-2
3,6-dihydro-4-methyl-1,2-dithiin

B: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With pentacarbonyl(acetonitrile)tungsten In dichloromethane-d2 at 25℃; for 72h;	A 85% B n/a
With pentacarbonyl(acetonitrile)tungsten In dichloromethane-d2 for 72h; Ambient temperature;	A 85 % Spectr. B n/a

: 587834-60-4
5-chloro-4-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)-2-methylthiopyrimidine

A: 38275-42-2
2-methylthio-5-chloropyrimidine

B: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) In toluene for 0.8h; Carroll reaction; Electrochemical reaction;	A 85% B n/a

: 3,4-epithia-2-methyl-1-butene

A: 18655-86-2
3,6-dihydro-4-methyl-1,2-dithiin

B: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With pentacarbonyl(acetonitrile)tungsten In dichloromethane-d2 at 25℃; for 24h;	A 84% B n/a
With pentacarbonyl(acetonitrile)tungsten In dichloromethane-d2 for 24h; Ambient temperature;	A 84 % Spectr. B n/a

: 753488-56-1
6-O-allyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methallyl-5-O-prenyl-α-D-glucofuranose

A: 78-79-5
isoprene

B: 753488-58-3
6-O-allyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methallyl-α-D-glucofuranose

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With (PhSO2)2 In dichloromethane-d2; toluene at 80℃; for 28h;	A n/a B 82%

: 96-17-3, 57456-98-1
2-Methylbutyraldehyde

: 78-79-5
isoprene

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With Na-BPO4/ZrP at 350 - 600℃; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;	78%
With boron(III) phosphate at 51.85℃; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents; Temperatures; Reaction partners; time; Dehydration;

Raw Materials

30095-63-7

109-66-0

507-45-9

78-84-2

765-42-4

126-84-1

589-92-4

Downstream Products

498-15-7

515-69-5

983-79-9

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Specification

Isoprene is an organic compound with the formula C₅H₈, and its systematic name is the same with the product name. With the CAS registry number 78-79-5, it is also named as 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene. Its EINECS number is 201-143-3. In addition, the molecular weight is 68.12. Its classification codes are: (1)Mutation data; (2)Tumor data. This product should be sealed and stored in a cool place. Moreover, it should be protected from light, heat and fire. It is highly volatile because of its low boiling point. It is the most abundant hydrocarbon measurable in the breath of humans. This compound was first isolated by thermal decomposition of natural rubber. It is most readily available industrially as a byproduct of the thermal cracking of naphtha or oil, as a side product in the production of ethylene. This chemical is used in manufacture of ''synthetic'' rubber, butyl rubber; copolymer in production of elastomers.

Physical properties of Isoprene are: (1)ACD/LogP: 2.347; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 2.35; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 2.35; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 35.78; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 35.78; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 450.51; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 450.51; (9)#H bond acceptors: 0; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 1; (12)Index of Refraction: 1.4; (13)Molar Refractivity: 24.507 cm³; (14)Molar Volume: 101.058 cm³; (15)Polarizability: 9.715×10^-24cm³; (16)Surface Tension: 17.02 dyne/cm; (17)Density: 0.674 g/cm³; (18)Flash Point: -40.843 °C; (19)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 26.765 kJ/mol; (20)Boiling Point: 34.059 °C at 760 mmHg; (21)Vapour Pressure: 548.96 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation: this chemical can be prepared by 2-methyl-but-3-en-2-ol at the temperature of 20 °C. This reaction will need reagent N,N-diisopropyl-1-fluoro-2-methylpropenamine and solvent CHCl₃. The yield is about 71%.

Isoprene can be prepared by 2-methyl-but-3-en-2-ol at the temperature of 20 °C

Uses of Isoprene: it can be used to produce 4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enecarbaldehyde at the ambient temperature. It will need reagent methylrhenium trioxide and solvent H₂O with the reaction time of 2.5 hours. The yield is about 91%.

Isoprene can be used to produce 4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enecarbaldehyde at the ambient temperature

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical is extremely flammable. It may cause cancer and has a possible risk of irreversible effects. This compound is harmful to aquatic organisms as it may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, you need to seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). It should be avoided exposure, and you need to obtain special instructions before use. You must avoid releasing it to the environment, and you need to refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: CC(=C)C=C
(2)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/C5H8/c1-4-5(2)3/h4H,1-2H2,3H3
(3)Std. InChIKey: RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
mouse	LC50	inhalation	139gm/m³/2H (139000mg/m³)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES	Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 9(1), Pg. 36, 1965.
rat	LC50	inhalation	180gm/m³/4H (180000mg/m³)	BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION	Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 31, Pg. 162, 1968.