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| CAS No.: | 7803-62-5 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Silicon tetrahydride |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | SiH4 |
| Molecular Weight: | 32.12 |
| Synonyms: | Flots100SCO;Monosilane (SiH4);Silicane;Silicon hydride;Silicon hydride (SiH4);Silicon tetrahydride; |
| EINECS: | 7803-62-5 |
| Density: | 1.114 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Melting Point: | -185 °C |
| Boiling Point: | -112 °C |
| Solubility: | decomposed by H2O; insoluble alcohol, benzene [HAW93] |
| Appearance: | Colorless |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 F+, Xn
|
| Risk Codes: | 12-17-20 |
| Safety: | 9-16-33-36/37/39 |
| PSA: | 0.00000 |
| LogP: | -1.45160 |
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Standards and Recommendations
ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 ppm
DOT Classification: 2.1; Label: Flammable Gas
Specification
The Silicon tetrahydride is an organic compound with the formula SiH4. The systematic name of this chemical is silane. With the CAS registry number 7803-62-5, it is also named as Silicane. The product's category is Silane series. Besides, it should be stored in a cool dry and well-ventilated place.
Physical properties about Silicon tetrahydride are: (1)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 12.1 kJ/mol; (2)Vapour Pressure: 54292.434 mmHg at 25°C.
Preparation: this chemical is produced from metallurgical grade silicon in a two-step process. In the first step, powdered silicon is reacted with hydrogen chloride at about 300 °C to produce trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, along with hydrogen gas, according to the chemical equation:
Si + 3 HCl → HSiCl3 + H2
The trichlorosilane is then boiled on a resinous bed containing a catalyst which promotes its disproportionation to silane and silicon tetrachloride according to the chemical equation:
4 HSiCl3 → SiH4 + 3 SiCl4
Uses of Silicon tetrahydride: Several industrial and medical applications exist for silane and functionalized silanes. For instance, silanes are used as coupling agents to adhere glass fibers to a polymer matrix, stabilizing the composite material. In other words, Silane coats the glass fibers to create better adhesion to the polymer chain. They can also be used to couple a bio-inert layer on a titanium implant. Other applications include water repellents, masonry protection, control of graffiti, applying polycrystalline silicon layers on silicon wafers when manufacturing semiconductors, and sealants. More recently, a growth in low-cost solar panel manufacturing has led to substantial consumption of silane for depositing amorphous silicon on glass and other surfaces. Silane is also used in supersonic combustion ramjets to initiate combustion in the compressed air stream. As it can burn using carbon dioxide as an oxidizer it is a candidate fuel for engines operating on Mars. Since this reaction has some byproducts which are solid (silicon dioxide and carbon) it is applicable only to Liquid-fuel rockets (with liquid carbon dioxide) ramjets, or other external combustion engines.
When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
It is extremely flammable and spontaneously flammable in air. Please keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Besides, this chemical is harmful by inhalation. When you are using it, wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. please take precautionary measures against static discharges.
You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: [SiH4]
(2)InChI: InChI=1/H4Si/h1H4
(3)InChIKey: BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYAE
(4)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/H4Si/h1H4
(5)Std. InChIKey: BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
The toxicity data is as follows:
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mouse | LCLo | inhalation | 9600ppm/4H (9600ppm) | Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. Vol. TR-72-62, Pg. 1972, | |
| rat | LC50 | inhalation | 9600ppm/4H (9600ppm) | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 42, Pg. 417, 1977. |