Reference

Hemolysis of erythrocytes by primary pharmacologic agents, part 2: influence of the vehicle

Hemolysis of erythrocytes by primary pharmacologic agents, part 2: influence of the vehicle. Ansel, Howard C.; Gigandet, Michael P. (Sch. Pharm., Univ. Georgia, Athens, Ga., USA). Am. J. Hosp. Pharm., 33(12), 1264-7 (English) 1976. CODEN: AJHPA9. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 63 (Pharmaceuticals) The hemolytic activity in vitro of chlorpromazine-HCl [69-09-0], chlordiazepoxide-HCl [438-41-5] and brompheniramine maleate [980-71-2] was examd. using various i.v. solns.Several reagents with their cas registry numbers 980-71-2 and 72-17-3 are used here. as the vehicle. Fresh human blood was employed in the investigation which used a colorimetric method for the detn. of hemolysis. Prior to the examn. of the hemolytic activity of each drug in the various vehicles, the vehicles themselves were examd. for their ability to protect erythrocytes from hemolysis. Little to no hemolysis occurred in normal saline soln. (the std.), dextrose [50-99-7] 2.5% in normal saline, dextrose 5% in normal saline, dextrose 10% in normal saline and lactated Ringer's injection. Low levels of hemolysis occurred in dextrose 5% in water, invert sugar [8013-17-0] 10% in water, and M/6 Na lactate [72-17-3] in water. High levels of hemolysis occurred when red blood cells were suspended in dextrose 2.5% in water. Invert sugar 10% in normal saline and fructose [57-48-7] 10% in water caused red cell denaturation resulting in brown cells and hemolyzate rather than the characteristic red color. This denaturation was attributed to the hydrogen ion concn. of these 2 solns., both having pH values less than 4.0. Vehicles of dextrose in saline, dextrose in water, lactated Ringer's, and invert sugar in water reduced the level of drug-induced hemolysis for the drugs tested compared to that which occurred in normal saline soln. The redn. of hemolysis was greatest as the tonicity of the vehicle used was increased. Thus, the pharmaceutical vehicles examd. have an influence on the cellular effects of drugs which not only affects the erythrocyte but which could potentially affect the drugs' distribution from the blood to the sites of their action. .

Studies on the formation of dyes in the condensation reaction of formaldehyde in alkaline medium

Studies on the formation of dyes in the condensation reaction of formaldehyde in alkaline medium. IV. Prey, V.; Andres, H.; Gusbeth, H. (Inst. Chem. Technol. Org. Stoffe, Tech. Univ. Wien, Vienna, Aust.). Z. Zuckerind., 27(2), 84-5 (German) 1977. CODEN: ZZUCAE. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 44 (Industrial Carbohydrates) The juice colorants produced by H2CO [50-00-0] were 3.5-4 times stronger than those produced by invert sugar (I) [8013-17-0], as detd.In this experiment, several chemicals are used like 50-00-0 and 57-50-1 by colorimetry of model raw juices consisting of 15% sucrose [57-50-1] and 0.15 or 0.3% I treated with H2CO in the presence of CaO. .