Reference

Extraction of trace organics from water with Amberlite XAD-2 resin

Extraction of trace organics from water with Amberlite XAD-2 resin. Shinohara, Ryota; Koga, Minoru; Shinohara, Junko; Hori, Teiji (Kitakyushu Munic. Inst. Environ. Health Sci., Kitakyushu, Japan). Bunseki Kagaku, 26(12), 856-61 (Japanese) 1977. CODEN: BNSKAK. ISSN: 0525-1931. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 61 (Water) Section cross-reference(s): 79 Polynuclear arom. and aliph. hydrocarbons, phthalate esters, chlorinated benzene derivs., phenols, aliph. carboxylic acids and their esters, and steroids (20 ppt-10 ppb) were adsorbed from a 5-L water sample on a column packed with Amberlite XAD-2 [9060-05-3], eluted with ether, treated with petroleum ether, dehydrated, evapd. to 1 mL in a micro-Snyder column and detd. by gas chromatog. (silicone OV-17, 100-300° programmed 10°/min) or mass fragmentog. with 83% recovery. The amts. of biphenyl [92-52-4], acenaphthene [83-32-9], fluorene [86-73-7], phenanthrene [85-01-8], chrysene [218-01-9], and n-C15H32 - C24H50 detd. in city water were 1-10 ppt and 3-30 ppt, resp.

The fate and effect of petroleum in controlled ecosystem enclosures

The fate and effect of petroleum in controlled ecosystem enclosures. Lee, Richard F.; Takahashi, M. (Skidaway Inst. Oceanogr., Savannah, Ga., USA). Rapp. P.-V. Reun., Cons. Int. Explor. Mer, 171(Pet. Hydrocarbons Mar. Environ.), 150-6 (English) 1977. CODEN: RIEMAT. ISSN: 0370-551X. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) The approx. initial concns. of nonvolatile hydrocarbons in a controlled ecosystem pollution expt. in 1974 were 10 and 20 mg/L in 2 enclosures. At the lower concn. no major effects on phytoplankton or zooplankton were apparent. The 20 mg/L enclosure had a small bloom of the microflagellate, Chrysochromulina kappa, and the growth of a lab. culture of this flagellate was stimulated by water exts. of fuel oil. Expts. conducted in 1975 had an initial concn. of 40 mg/L nonvolatile petroleum hydrocarbons which dropped to 20 mg/L after 3 days. The losses appeared to be due primarily to microbial degrdn. and adsorption to sinking particles. The microbial degrdn. rate of paraffins and low mol. aroms., but not the degrdn. rate of high mol. wt. aroms. such as fluorene (I) [86-73-7] and benzpyrene [50-32-8], increased markedly in the petroleum treated enclosure within 1 day. Three days after petroleum addn. naphthalene [91-20-3] degrdn. rate increased from 0.2 to 2.5 mg/L/day. The major changes in populations seen in 1975 after treatment with petroleum were a drastic decline in diatoms followed by a bloom of the microflagellate, C. kappa, which replaced diatoms as the dominant phytoplankton. This in turn was followed by an increase in tintinnids and rotifers, presumably feeding on the microflagellates. The control enclosure was dominated by the diatom, Cerataulina bergonii, during the course of the expt. (19 days), although for 3 days a small flagellate bloom was also obsd. Thus, as a result of the addn. of fuel oil there was a major change in the ecosystem of the enclosure in terms of type of primary and secondary producers.