Reference

Gluconolactone derivatives for surfactants

Gluconolactone derivatives for surfactants. Okahara, Mitsuo; Masuyama, Yoshiki (Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Japan). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 03251580 A2 11 Nov 1991 Heisei, 7 pp. (Japan). CODEN: JKXXAF. CLASS: ICM: C07D319-06. ICS: A61K007-46; B01F017-56; C07D493-04; C11B009-00; C11D001-06. APPLICATION: JP 90-46600 27 Feb 1990. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 46 (Surface Active Agents and Detergents) Section cross-reference(s): 44 Biodegradable surfactants contain the gluconolactones I (R1 = C4-30 alkyl, alkaryl; R2 = H, alkyl, acyl; M = alkali or alk. earth metal; n = 1, 2). Thus, heating 2-decanone with glucono-1,5-lactone in DMF contg. p-MeC6H4SO3H at 65-70°/35-40 mm for 6 h and hydrolyzing the resulting ketal in methanolic NaOH at 60° for 20 min gave 33% I (R1 = C8H17, R2 = Me, M = Na, n = 1), aq. 693-54-9 and 927-49-1 which are cas registry numbers of chemicals are mentioned. solns. of which had surface tension 45 and 56 dyne/cm at concn. 0.01 and 0.001M, resp. .

Gasoline substitutes and diesel fuel additives from coal solvent extraction with ethanol and organic solvents

Mills, Anthony R. (USA ). PCT Int. Appl. WO 2007011700 A2 25 Jan 2007,18pp. DESIGNATED STATES: W: AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, LY, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC; RW: AT, BE, BF, BJ, CF, CG, CH, CI, CM, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GA, GB, GR, IE, IS, IT, LU, MC, ML, MR, NE, NL, PT, SE, SN, TD, TG, TR. (English). (World Intellectual Property Organization). CODEN: PIXXD2. APPLICATION: WO 2006-US27314 14 Jul 2006. PRIORITY: US 2005-699774P 15 Jul 2005. 927-49-1 and 1330-20-7 which are cas registry numbers are also used here. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 51 (Fossil Fuels, Derivatives, and Related Products) Coal is mixed with ethanol and a solvent release agent and then heated (e.g., to ￡160°F) to produce a high-BTU, high-octane gasoline substitute or a high-cetane additive for diesel fuels. Suitable solvent release agents include acetone, Me n-amyl ketone, amyl ketone, xylene, ethylbenzene, EtOH, or gasoline; the method can be applied to anthracite, bituminous and subbituminous coals, or lignite. The product (coal hydrocarbons + EtOH + solvent) is then distd. in the presence of caustic soda, to reduce particle contamination and reduce moisture content in the distd. EtOH. Vegetable oil can be blended with the obtained coal-derived product for better soly. in diesel fuel. .