Detail of "99-16-1"

Reference

Occurrence of ureide accumulation in soybean plants

Occurrence of ureide accumulation in soybean plants. Effect of nitrogen fertilization and nitrogen fixation. Yoneyama, Tadakatsu; karasuyama, Mitsuaki; Kouchi, Hiroshi; Ishizuka, Junji (Dep. Appl. Physiol., Natl. Inst. Agrobiol. Resour., Yatabe 305, Japan). Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. (Tokyo), 31(1), 133-40 (English) 1985. CODEN: SSPNAW. ISSN: 0038-0768. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 19 (Fertilizers, Soils, and Plant Nutrition) The effects of N fertilization and N2 fixation on the accumulation of ureides, allantoin [97-59-6] and allantoic acid [99-16-1], were investigated with soybeans (Glycine max) cultured by hydroponics during vegetative growth. Application of N as urea or ammonium and in some cases nitrate at 20 mM N increased the ureide concn. in plant tissues but not in xylem sap. The ureide concn. in the xylem sap was greater when the N-fixing activity of the nodules was higher, whereas the ureide concn. in the tissues was rather related to the N content of the tissues, although these relations were not so strict. Leaf tissues supplied with glutamine [56-85-9], NH4NO3, urea, or glycine [56-40-6] through their petioles were able to synthesize ureides. Thus, host plant tissues and nodules have the ability to produce ureides upon supply of N as combined-N or fixed-N, and the main source of ureides transported in xylem streams is that produced in the nodules. The ureide concn. in the xylem sap may be a better indicator of N-fixing activity than the ureide concn. in plant tissues.

Biosynthesis and biodegradation of caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline in Coffea arabica L

Biosynthesis and biodegradation of caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline in Coffea arabica L. fruits. Suzuki, Takeo; Waller, George R. (Dep. Biochem., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078, USA). J. Agric. Food Chem., 32(4), 845-8 (English) 1984. CODEN: JAFCAU. ISSN: 0021-8561. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 17 (Food and Feed Chemistry) The biosynthesis and biodegrdn. of the purine alkaloids in developing C. arabica fruit were studied with [2-14C]caffeine [58-08-2], [8-14C]theophylline [58-55-9], [8-14]adenine [73-24-5], [8-14C]guanine [73-40-5], [2-14C]xanthine [69-89-6], or [methyl-14C]methionine [63-68-3] dissolved in water. Both immature and mature coffee fruit degraded [2-14C]caffeine to theobromine [83-67-0], theophylline, N3-methylxanthine [1076-22-8], N7-methylxanthine [552-62-5], allantoin [97-59-6], allantoic acid [99-16-1], and urea [57-13-6]. Immature fruit metabolized [8-14C]theophylline and [2-14C]xanthine more rapidly than the mature fruit. [8-14C]adenine was more effective than [8-14C]guanine or L-[methyl-14C]methionine as a precursor for the biosynthesis of N7-methylxanthine, theobromine, and caffeine. These results indicate that biosynthesis of caffeine occurs mainly during the green stage of fruit development through methylation of N7-methylxanthine and theobromine and biodegrdn. occurs through theophylline, which accumulates after the seed is full size and proceeds to ripen.