18434-12-3Relevant articles and documents
Scope, Kinetics, and Mechanism of “On Water” Cu Catalysis in the C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Indole Derivatives
Malavade, Vrunda,Patil, Manish,Patil, Mahendra
supporting information, p. 561 - 569 (2020/02/05)
A simple and cost-effective protocol for the C–N cross coupling of indole derivatives with aryl iodides using CuI/phenanthroline catalytic system in aqueous and DME/H2O solvent mixture is described. The reactions were performed in the absence of phase-transfer catalyst, and afforded N-arylated products in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. A systematic tuning of reaction conditions using DME as a co-solvent enables to improve product yields of N-arylation reactions. The broad substrate scope, easy performance, and low loading of catalyst as well as ligand render this approach appropriate for large scale processes. The mechanism of “on water” Cu-catalyzed N-arylation reaction is investigated using kinetic and computational studies, which reveal interesting mechanistic aspects of the reaction. A series of kinetic experiments showed significant rate enhancement for “on water” Cu-catalyzed N-arylation over the reaction performed in the organic solvent (DME). Computational studies corroborated “on water” rate acceleration by delineating the role of water in the reaction. The water induces rate acceleration by stabilizing the transition state of oxidative addition through hydrogen bonding interactions, presumably at the oil-water interface, and thus helps to reduce the free energy of activation of oxidative addition of iodobenzene to the Cu complex, which is identified as the rate-limiting step of reaction.
ORGANIC COMPOUND FOR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE AND ORGANIC OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE AND DISPLAY DEVICE
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Paragraph 0167-0170, (2019/10/22)
The present invention relates to an organic compound for an organic optoelectronic device represented by chemical formula 1, and an organic optoelectronic device and a display device using the same. The details of the chemical formula 1 are as defined in the specification. One embodiment of the present invention provides a compound for an organic optoelectronic device capable of realizing an organic optoelectronic device with high-efficiency and long-life. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an organic optoelectronic device including the compound for the organic optoelectronic device.
Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Indoles
Chesnokov, Gleb A.,Ageshina, Alexandra A.,Topchiy, Maxim A.,Nechaev, Mikhail S.,Asachenko, Andrey F.
, p. 4844 - 4854 (2019/08/01)
Herein, we report a new transition-metal-free robust and cost-effective method for synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted indoles from easily available unactivated (i.e. without EWG, PPh3 or SiR3 groups) tertiary amides. Scope of synthetic applicability of the presented protocol was shown on 23 examples of 1,2-disubstituted indoles with different substitution patterns obtained in good to excellent yields. The reported method turned out to be especially effective for synthesis of N-arylated 2-CF3-indoles. Moreover, this approach can be performed in a one-pot two-step manner directly from commercially available secondary amines. Mechanistic studies showed that acyl transfer might be an important step in the course of the reaction. Viability of the presented approach for benzofurans and benzothiophenes synthesis was also discussed.
