105-06-6Relevant articles and documents
New Arylene-Germylene-Vinylene Compounds: Stereoselective Synthesis, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties
Ludwiczak, Monika,Bayda, Ma?gorzata,Dutkiewicz, Micha?,Fra?kowiak, Dawid,Majchrzak, Mariusz,Marciniak, Bronis?aw,Marciniec, Bogdan
, p. 2454 - 2461 (2016)
The stereoselective route toward new molecular and macromolecular compounds containing arylene-germylene-vinylene units is described. The reagents for germylative coupling reaction were 1,4-bis(dimethylvinylgermyl)benzene (1) and vinyl- and divinylarenes
Living anionic polymerization of 1,4-divinylbenzene and its isomers
Tanaka, Shunsuke,Matsumoto, Masayoshi,Goseki, Raita,Ishizone, Takashi,Hirao, Akira
, p. 146 - 154 (2013)
The anionic polymerization of 1,4-divinylbenzene (1) and its ortho (2) and meta isomers (3) were studied under a variety of conditions. One of the two vinyl groups of 1 was selectively and exclusively polymerized in a living manner by the addition of a suitable additive under the conditions of -78 C for 1 min and -95 C for 30 min. Under such conditions, the unwanted addition reaction of the chain-end anion to the pendant vinyl group was almost suppressed and soluble polymers with predictable molecular weights of up to 60 500 g/mol and narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn 1.05) were quantitatively obtained. The amount of dimerized chain produced by the addition reaction was negligible or very small (5%). The effective additives in the polymerization involve potassium alkoxides and phenoxides, derived from tert-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol, 1-methylcyclohexanol, 1:2,5:6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-d-glucofuranose, phenol, 1-naphthol, and 2,6-di(tert-butyl)-4-methylphenol, and potassium carboxylate derived from pivalic acid. The living polymer of 1 was not stable at -78 C after 5 min or longer times, but very stable at -95 C even for 30 min. The chain-end anion could be stabilized by end-capping with tert-butyl methacrylate and 1,1-diphenylethylene, and the resulting anions remained unchanged at -78 C even after several hours.
Synthesis of core cross-linked star polymers consisting of well-defined aromatic polyamide arms
Ohishi, Tomoyuki,Masukawa, Tomohiro,Fujii, Shuichi,Yokoyama, Akihiro,Yokozawa, Tsutomu
, p. 3206 - 3214 (2010)
Homopolymer-arm, block-arm, and miktoarm star polymers consisting of poly(N-octylm-benzamide) and poly(N-H-m-benzamide) were synthesized by means of a core cross-linking method. Macromonomers (MM) with the styryl terminal moiety were synthesized by chain-growth condensation polymerization of 3-(alkylamino)benzoic acid esters 1 in the presence of phenyl 4-vinylbenzoate as an initiator, and copolymerization with N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) as a divinyl monomer in the presence of 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) at 60 °C yielded the corresponding star polymers. In the synthesis of star polymers containing poly(N-H-m-benzamide) arms, the 4-(octyloxy)benzyl group on the amide nitrogen of the obtained star polymers was removed with trifluoroacetic acid. The number of arms per molecule, determined by multiangle laser light scattering, varied in the range of 36-100 depending on the N-alkyl group of 1 and the molecular weight of MM. The 1H NMR spectra of the star polymers in dimethyl sulfoxide revealed that the poly(N-octyl-m-benzamide) segments and arms of the block-arm and miktoarm star polymers, respectively, were compactly packed at room temperature and became extended at higher temperatures.
New heck-type coupling reactions of natural tetrapyrroles - Synthesis of porphyrinoligomers bridged by divinyl- and trivinylbenzene
Gauler, Rainer,Risch, Nikolaus
, p. 1193 - 1200 (1998)
Using palladium(0)-catalyzed coupling reactions we were able to synthesize mono-, di-, and trimeric porphyrins linked by di- and trivinylbenzenes. The reactions were carried out with palladium(II) acetate in DMF under phase-transfer conditions. These coupling conditions are new in the field of porphyrin chemistry and proved to be a useful tool in the synthesis of C-C linked oligomeric porphyrins, as these compounds can be obtained in a simple one pot reaction with good yields.
Catalytic chain transfer mediated autopolymerization of divinylbenzene: Toward facile synthesis of high alkene functional group density hyperbranched materials
Barker, Ian A.,El Harfi, Jaouad,Adlington, Kevin,Howdle, Steven M.,Irvine, Derek J.
, p. 9258 - 9266 (2012)
A facile and highly reproducible autopolymerization method, mediated by catalytic chain transfer, for the synthesis of hyperbranched materials with high alkene functional group density is reported. The rapid autopolymerization of divinylbenzene at 150 °C in the absence of any catalytic chain transfer agent was demonstrated to result in the formation of highly cross-linked networks/gels in less than 10 min. Exploitation of the extremely high chain transfer coefficient of bis[(difluoroboryl)diphenylglyoximato]cobalt(II) delayed gelation and produced good yields of high molecular weight hyperbranched divinylbenzene in under 1 h on a multigram scale. Gas chromatography was employed to monitor the levels of conversion over the course of the reaction. The materials produced were characterized by GPC, MALLS, and viscometry.
Copper-Catalyzed Defluorinative Hydroarylation of Alkenes with Polyfluoroarenes
Fu, Bin,Li, Xiaohong,Xiong, Tao,Yuan, Xiuping,Zhang, Qian,Zhang, Qiao
supporting information, p. 23056 - 23060 (2020/10/19)
A catalytic defluorinative hydroarylation of alkenes with polyfluoroarenes in the presence of dppbz-ligated Cu catalyst and silanes was developed. This method provides a straightforward and alternative avenue to synthetic important polyfluorinated arenes with readily available and bench-stable alkenes as latent nucleophiles, and therefore avoids conventional reliance on stoichiometric quantities of organometallic reagents. This reaction proceeds under very mild conditions and exhibits good functional group compatibility and high level of regioselectivity. The synthetic potential of this method was further demonstrated by a gram-scale synthesis, and an array of experimental studies were also carried out to elaborate the probable mechanism.
Method for synthesizing olefin compound by photo-induced one-pot process
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Paragraph 0077-0079, (2018/11/03)
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing an olefin compound by a photo-induced one-pot process. The method comprises the following step of subjecting a halohydrocarbon and an aldehyde compound to a reaction under the condition of irradiation in an inert atmosphere by taking alkali metal carbonate as a base, taking an organic phosphine compound as an adjuvant and taking a photosensitizer as a catalyst, thereby obtaining the olefin compound. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the olefin compound is produced from the halohydrocarbon and the aldehyde compound in a high-yield manner under the condition of irradiation in the inert atmosphere under normal-temperature reaction conditions by taking acetonitrile, DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) or DMA (N,N-dimethylacetamide) asa solvent, taking an organic phosphine reagent as a reaction adjuvant, taking the alkali metal carbonate as the base and taking the photosensitizer as the catalyst. Compared with the conventional olefin synthesis methods, the method disclosed by the invention has the obvious advantages that the reaction raw materials are readily available, the tolerance to a variety of functional groups on halohydrocarbons and aldehydes is high, the yield is high, the separation and purification of a product are simple and convenient, and the like.
