1196-58-3Relevant articles and documents
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Berliner,Berliner
, p. 222,223 (1950)
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Aromatic Substitution in the Gas Phase. Alkylation of Arenes by Gaseous C4H9+ Cations
Cacace, Fulvio,Ciranni, Giovanna,Giacomello, Pierluigi
, p. 1513 - 1516 (1981)
Butyl cations, obtained in the dilute gas state from the radiolysis of butane in the pressure range from 70 to 750 torr, have been allowed to react with benzene, toluene, and their mixtures or with trace amounts of o-xylene in the gaseous system.The gas-phase butylation yields invariably sec-butylarenes, remarkably free of isomeric byproducts, namely n- and tert-butylarenes.Other alkylation experiments, where gaseous butyl cations from the reaction of butane with radiolytically formed H3+ ions were used as reagent, confirmed the exclusive formation of sec-butylarenes.The butylation process displays the positional and substrate selectivity and the dependence of orientation on the pressure of the system, typical of other gas-phase ionic substitutions.At high pressures, ortho-para orientation predominates in the sec-butylation of toluene, with a ortho:meta:para ratio of 43:30:27 at 715 torr.As the pressure is reduced, a gradual shift in favor of the thermodynamically most stable meta-subsltituted arenium ion is observed, leading to a ortho:meta:para ratio of 31:48:21 at 70 torr.
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Streitwieser et al.
, p. 1110 (1959)
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Pines et al.
, p. 4483 (1951)
Effects of the carbon support nature and ruthenium content on the performances of Ru/C catalysts in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol
Mironenko, Roman M.,Belskaya, Olga B.,Zaikovskii, Vladimir I.,Likholobov, Vladimir A.
, p. 923 - 930 (2015/08/06)
Abstract The hydrogenation of benzaldehyde in ethanol medium in the presence of Ru/C catalysts was shown to proceed with the preferential formation of benzyl alcohol without subsequent hydrodeoxygenation into toluene. An increase in ruthenium content of t
Iron(II) complexes with functionalized amine-pyrazolyl tripodal ligands in the cross-coupling of aryl Grignard with alkyl halides
Xue, Fei,Zhao, Jin,Hor, T. S. Andy
experimental part, p. 8935 - 8940 (2011/10/19)
Structurally distinctive Fe(ii) complexes with furan, thiophene and pyridine functionalized amine-pyrazolyl tripodal hybrid ligands have been synthesized and crystallographically characterized. The tether substituent at the central amine plays an active role in determining the coordination mode of the ligand and the metal geometry. All complexes are catalytically active towards cross-coupling of aryl Grignard reagents with primary and secondary alkyl halides with β-hydrogen under ambient conditions. ESI-MS spectra analysis revealed the ligand-stabilised Fe(ii) and Mg(ii) species. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.
