161529-13-1Relevant articles and documents
Improved Strategy for the Synthesis of the Anticancer Agent Culicinin D
Stach, Michaela,Weidkamp, Andreas J.,Yang, Sung-Hyun,Hung, Kuo-Yuan,Furkert, Daniel P.,Harris, Paul W. R.,Smaill, Jeff B.,Patterson, Adam V.,Brimble, Margaret A.
, p. 6341 - 6350 (2015)
The anticancer peptaibol culicinin D was synthesised via a newly developed pathway. This route included an improved attachment of a C-terminal amino acid alcohol building block to 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin. A model system utilising readily available Fmoc-alaninol as the substitute for the unusual APAE building block was developed to investigate the resin-loading by N-anchoring of the first C-terminal residue and an intramolecular O-N acyl shift. The use of both Fmoc SPPS and the crucial O-N acyl transfer afforded a C-terminal alcohol that enabled the synthesis of a library of five related peptaibols. This model system was then applied to the synthesis of culicinin D. The C-terminal APAE building block was anchored to 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin in 67 % loading yield using the optimised conditions, and culicinin D (6.31 mg, 4 %) was prepared by SPPS prior to peptide cleavage and O-N acyl shift. This synthetic strategy was also used to prepare a diastereomer of culicinin D containing the unnatural (S)-AHMOD amino acid. The anticancer agent Culicinin D, active against breast tumor cells, was synthesised on the solid phase. The resin loading was improved by attachment of first residue to solid-phase via the amine rather than the alcohol. After SPPS and cleavage, the peptide alcohol was formed via an intramolecular O-N transfer reaction. Successful synthesis of several culicinin D analogues demonstrated the feasibility of this new synthetic strategy.
Synthetic Lugdunin Analogues Reveal Essential Structural Motifs for Antimicrobial Action and Proton Translocation Capability
Schilling, Nadine A.,Berscheid, Anne,Schumacher, Johannes,Saur, Julian S.,Konnerth, Martin C.,Wirtz, Sebastian N.,Beltrán-Bele?a, José M.,Zipperer, Alexander,Krismer, Bernhard,Peschel, Andreas,Kalbacher, Hubert,Br?tz-Oesterhelt, Heike,Steinem, Claudia,Grond, Stephanie
supporting information, p. 9234 - 9238 (2019/07/16)
Lugdunin, a novel thiazolidine cyclopeptide, exhibits micromolar activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies, synthetic analogues obtained from alanine and stereo scanning as well as peptides with modified thiazolidine rings were tested for antimicrobial activity. The thiazolidine ring and the alternating d- and l-amino acid backbone are essential. Notably, the non-natural enantiomer displays equal activity, thus indicating the absence of a chiral target. The antibacterial activity strongly correlates with dissipation of the membrane potential in S. aureus. Lugdunin equalizes pH gradients in artificial membrane vesicles, thereby maintaining membrane integrity, which demonstrates that proton translocation is the mode of action (MoA). The incorporation of extra tryptophan or propargyl moieties further expands the diversity of this class of thiazolidine cyclopeptides.
PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID (PNA) MONOMERS WITH AN ORTHOGONALLY PROTECTED ESTER MOIETY
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Paragraph 00307-00310, (2018/10/19)
This application pertains to orthogonally protected esters of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers, which ester groups can be removed under conditions that permit typical backbone and side chain acid- and base-labile protecting groups to remain substantially intact thereby permitting the high yield of PNA monomer carboxylic acids that are suitable for use in PNA oligomer synthesis. Exemplary ester groups include, but are not limited to, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl (TCE), 2,2,2-tribromoethyl (TBE), 2-bromoethyl (2-BE) and 2-iodoethyl groups (2-IE). This invention also pertains to novel methods for the synthesis of Backbone Ester compounds and related Backbone Ester Acid Salts.
