2050-74-0Relevant articles and documents
Sundstroem
, p. 191,194 (1976)
New reactivity patterns of copper(I) and other transition metal NHC complexes: application to ATRC and related reactions
Bull, James A.,Hutchings, Michael G.,Luján, Cristina,Quayle, Peter
, p. 1352 - 1356 (2008/09/18)
Pre-formed transition metal-NHC complex is shown to be an effective catalyst for Atom Transfer Radical Cyclisation (ATRC) reactions.
De novo synthesis mechanism of polychlorinated dibenzofurans from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the characteristic isomers of polychlorinated naphthalenes
Iino,Imagawa,Takeuchi,Sadakata
, p. 1038 - 1043 (2007/10/03)
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are known to be emitted from municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Two formation paths for PCDD/Fs could mainly work, which are condensation of the precursors such as chlorophenols and 'de novo' formation from carbon. However the correlation between the chemical structure of carbon and the resulting PCDD/Fs still remains unknown. In this study, the PCDD/Fs formation from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and CuCl was examined at 400 under 10% O2. Coronene among the PAHs characteristically gave 1,2,8,9-T4CDF and the derivatives. These isomers clearly indicate that chlorination causes the cleavage of the C-C bonds in a coronene molecule and also that oxygen is easily incorporated from its outside to form 1,2,8,9-T4CDF. The symmetrical preformed structures in the coronene molecule enabled to amplify the de novo formation of the isomer. PCNs are also formed directly from these PAHs. Since there have been few reports on the formation mechanism of PCNs, this study will be a first step to know the whole formation paths. We also define the de novo synthesis as the breakdown reaction of a carbon matrix, since the word has been used without the precise definition.
