31106-75-9Relevant articles and documents
Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Glucosidase for the Hydrolysis of Cellulose in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions
Li, Xiaowei,Zangiabadi, Milad,Zhao, Yan
, p. 5172 - 5181 (2021/05/04)
Molecular imprinting is a powerful and yet simple method to create multifunctional binding sites within a cross-linked polymer network. We report a new class of synthetic glucosidase prepared through molecular imprinting and postfunctionalization of cross-linked surfactant micelles. These catalysts are protein-sized water-soluble nanoparticles that can be modified in multiple ways. As their natural counterparts, they bind a glucose-containing oligo- or polysaccharide. They contain acidic groups near the glycosidic bond to be cleaved, with the number and distance of the acid groups tuned systematically. Hydrolysis of cellulose in a key step in biomass conversion but is hampered by the incalcitrance of the highly crystalline cellulose fibers. The synthetic glucosidases are shown to hydrolyze cellobiose and cellulose under a variety of conditions. The best catalyst, with a biomimetic double acid catalytic motif, can hydrolyze cellulose with one-fifth of the activity of commercial cellulases in aqueous buffer. As a highly cross-linked polymeric nanoparticle, the synthetic catalyst is stable at elevated temperatures in both aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. In a polar aprotic solvent/ionic liquid mixture, it hydrolyzes cellulose several times faster than commercial cellulases in aqueous buffer. When deposited on magnetic nanoparticles, it retains 75% of its activity after 10 cycles of usage.
A-ring dihalogenation increases the cellular activity of combretastatin-templated tetrazoles
Beale, Thomas M.,Allwood, Daniel M.,Bender, Andreas,Bond, Peter J.,Brenton, James D.,Charnock-Jones, D. Stephen,Ley, Steven V.,Myers, Rebecca M.,Shearman, James W.,Temple, Jill,Unger, Jessica,Watts, Ciorsdaidh A.,Xian, Jian
, p. 177 - 181 (2012/05/05)
The combretastatins have been investigated for their antimitotic and antivascular properties, and it is widely postulated that a 3,4,5-trimethoxyaryl A-ring is essential to maintain potent activity. We have synthesized new tetrazole analogues (32a€"34), demonstrating that 3,5-dihalogenation can consistently increase potency by up to 5-fold when compared to the equivalent trimethoxy compound on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a range of cancer cells. Moreover, this increased potency offsets that lost by installing the tetrazole bridge into combretastatin A-4 (1), giving crystalline, soluble compounds that have low nanomolar activity, arrest cells in G2/M phase, and retain microtubule inhibitory activity. Molecular modeling has shown that optimized packing within the binding site resulting in increased Coulombic interaction may be responsible for this improved activity.
Easy, inexpensive and effective oxidative iodination of deactivated arenes in sulfuric acid
Kraszkiewicz, Lukasz,Sosnowski, MacIej,Skulski, Lech
, p. 9113 - 9119 (2007/10/03)
Two 'model' deactivated arenes, benzoic acid and nitrobenzene, were effectively monoiodinated within 1 h at 25-30 °C, with strongly electrophilic I+ reagents, prior prepared from diiodine and various oxidants (CrO3, KMnO4, active MnO2, HIO 3, NaIO3, or NaIO4) in 90% (v/v) concd sulfuric acid (ca. 75 mol% H2SO4). Next, an I2/ NaIO3/90% (v/v) concd H2SO4 exemplary system was used to effectively mono- or diiodinate a number of deactivated arenes. All former papers dealing with the direct iodination of deactivated arenes are briefly reviewed.